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Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-MRI validation of MR textural analysis for detection of transition zone prostate cancer? – Feedback (FDBK)
Feedback (FDBK) – Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/MRI validation of MR textural analysis for detection of transition zone prostate cancer? Source 
Bates A, et al. Eur Radiol. 2017.
OBJECTIVES: To validate MR textural analysis (MRTA) for detection of transition zone (TZ) prostate cancer through comparison with co-registered prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET-MR.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed for 30 men who underwent simultaneous PSMA PET-MR imaging for staging of prostate cancer. Thirty texture features were derived from each manually contoured T2-weighted, transaxial, prostatic TZ using texture analysis software that applies a spatial band-pass filter and quantifies texture through histogram analysis. Texture features of the TZ were compared to PSMA expression on the corresponding PET images. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction controlled the false discovery rate at <5%.
RESULTS: Eighty-eight T2-weighted images in 18 patients demonstrated abnormal PSMA expression within the TZ on PET-MR. 123 images were PSMA negative. Based on the corrected p-value of 0.005, significant differences between PSMA positive and negative slices were found for 16 texture parameters: Standard deviation and mean of positive pixels for all spatial filters (p = <0.0001 for both at all spatial scaling factor (SSF) values) and mean intensity following filtration for SSF 3-6 mm (p = 0.0002-0.0018).
CONCLUSION: Abnormal expression of PSMA within the TZ is associated with altered texture on T2-weighted MR, providing validation of MRTA for the detection of TZ prostate cancer.
KEY POINTS: Prostate transition zone (TZ) MR texture analysis may assist in prostate cancer detection. • Abnormal transition zone PSMA expression correlates with altered texture on T2-weighted MR. • TZ with abnormal PSMA expression demonstrates significantly reduced MI, SD and MPP.
Copyright © 2017 The Royal College of Radiologists. All rights reserved.
Original article link here
Can TexRAD CT measures of tumour heterogeneity stratify risk for nodal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer? – Feedback (FDBK)
Feedback (FDBK) – Can CT measures of tumour heterogeneity stratify risk for nodal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer? Source
Can CT measures of tumour heterogeneity stratify risk for nodal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer?.
Craigie M, et al. Clinical Radiology. 2017.
AIM: To undertake a preliminary assessment of the potential for computed tomography (CT) measurement of tumour heterogeneity to stratify risk of nodal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
MATERIALS & METHODS: Tumour heterogeneity in CT images from combined positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT examinations in 150 consecutive patients with NSCLC was assessed using CT texture analysis (CTTA). The short axis diameter of the largest mediastinal node was also measured. Forty-two patients without distant metastases subsequently had tumour nodal status confirmed at surgery (n=26) or endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS; n=16). CTTA parameters and largest nodal diameter were related to nodal status using the rank correlation and the risk ratio for each nodal stage (>N0, >N1, >N2) was compared between patients categorised as high and low risk by CTTA or nodal size. The most significant predictor of nodal status was related to overall survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
RESULTS: N-stage was more significantly correlated with CTTA than nodal diameter (Rs = -0.39, p=0.011, Rs = -0.45, p=0.0025, Rs = -0.40, p=0.0091 for normalised standard deviation (SD), normalised entropy and kurtosis respectively; Rs = -0.39, p=0.042 for nodal diameter). The presence of two or more high-risk CTTA values was the greatest risk factor for mediastinal metastasis (risk ratio: 11.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.56-77.8, p=0.0014) and was associated with significantly poorer overall survival (p=0.016).
CONCLUSION: CTTA in NSCLC is related to nodal status in patients without distant metastases and has the potential to inform selection of investigative strategies for the assessment of mediastinal malignancy.
Copyright © 2017 The Royal College of Radiologists. All rights reserved.
Original article link here