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#SVML Sovereign Metals LTD – Annual Report 2023, Issue of Shares and AGM Date
29th September 2023 / Leave a comment
ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED – 30 JUNE 2023
Sovereign Metals Limited (“Sovereign” or the “Company”) (ASX:SVM, AIM:SVML) advises that its 2023 Annual Report, has been published today at https://sovereignmetals.com.au/company-reports/ and as below.
The Company also advises that an Appendix 4G (Key to Disclosures: Corporate Governance Council Principles and Recommendations) and 2023 Corporate Governance Statement have been released today and are also available on the Company’s website at https://sovereignmetals.com.au/corporate-governance/.
CORPORATE DIRECTORY
abn 71 120 833 427
Directors
Company Secretary
Registered and Principal Office Telephone: +61 8 9322 6322
Operations Office Area 4 Lilongwe Malawi Stock Exchange Listings Australian Securities Exchange
United Kingdom London Stock Exchange (AIM) AIM Code: SVML – Depository Interests
Nominated Advisor and Broker
Website
|
Brokers Berenberg, Gossler & Co, KG, London Branch
Share Register Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd Telephone: 1300 850 505
United Kingdom Computershare Investor Services PLC Solicitors
Auditor
Bankers Malawi – Standard Bank
|
CONTENTS |
Directors’ Report |
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income |
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position |
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows |
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity |
To view the following sections, please refer to the full version of the Annual Report on our website at www.sovereignmetals.com.au |
Notes to the Financial Statements |
Directors’ Declaration |
Auditor’s Independence Declaration |
Independent Audit Report |
ASX Additional Information |
DIRECTORS’ REPORT
30 June 2023
The Directors of Sovereign Metals Limited present their report on the Group consisting of Sovereign Metals Limited (“the Company” or “Sovereign” or “Parent”) and the entities it controlled at the end of, or during, the year ended 30 June 2023 (“Group”).
HIGHLIGHTS
Pre-Feasibility Study Confirms Kasiya as a Major Critical Minerals Project
· “Market Leader” Position in Two Critical Minerals:
– Positioned to become the world’s largest rutile producer at 222kt per annum and potentially one of the world’s largest natural graphite producers outside of China at 244kt per annum for an initial 25 year life-of-mine (“LOM”)
– Extremely low CO2-footprint operation incorporating climate-smart attributes including hydro-mining with renewables power solution
– Initial Probable Ore Reserves declared of 538Mt, representing conversion of only 30% of the total Mineral Resource
– Substantial production rate and mine life upside exists as the PFS modelling was limited to only 25 years
· The PFS demonstrated compelling economic outcomes including:
– Post-tax NPV8 of US$1,605m and post-tax IRR of 28%
– Average EBITDA of US$415m per annum
– Cash operating costs of US$404/t of product will position Kasiya as the lowest cost producer of rutile and graphite globally
· Optimisation with Strategic Investor Rio Tinto to Commence:
– Advancing into an optimisation phase prior to moving to the Definitive Feasibility Study (DFS) and formal establishment of the Technical Committee with the Company’s strategic investor, Rio Tinto
Rio Tinto invests $40.6m to become a 15% Strategic Investor
· Subsequent to the end of the period, Rio Tinto made an investment of A$40.6 million in Sovereign resulting in an initial 15% shareholding plus options to increase their position to potentially 19.99% within 12 months
· Investment proceeds will be used to advance the Kasiya rutile-graphite project (Kasiya or Project) in Malawi
· Rio Tinto’s investment represents a significant step towards unlocking a major new supply of low-CO2-footprint natural rutile and flake graphite
· Under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto will provide assistance and advice on technical and marketing aspects of Kasiya including with respect to Sovereign’s graphite co-product, with a primary focus on spherical purified graphite for the lithium-ion battery anode market
Strong Support from the Government of Malawi
· The Government applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining sector as a priority industry
· The Government’s public statement confirms its commitment to ensuring the growth of the mining sector through deliberate initiatives aiming at establishing a conducive investment environment in the sector
· With mining being one of the key pillars for growth under Malawi’s economic development strategy (Agriculture, Tourism, Mining – ATM Policy) and the potential for Kasiya to be a project of national significance, the Government has constituted an Inter-ministerial Project Development Committee to work alongside the Company
Indicated Resource Increased by over 80%
· Kasiya’s Indicated Resource now stands at 1.2 Billion tonnes at 1.0% rutile and 1.5% graphite with over 66% of tonnes now in the Indicated category.
· Updated MRE moves over 0.5 Billion tonnes from Inferred to Indicated – an increase of 81% to the Indicated category.
Downstream Testwork on Kasiya’s Graphite shows Excellent Suitability for use in Lithium-Ion Batteries
· Downstream testwork on Kasiya’s graphite co-product demonstrated it to have superior qualities showing excellent suitability for use in lithium-ion batteries. Key outcomes include:
o Near perfect crystallinity – an indicator of battery anode performance
o Above benchmark >99.95% carbon purity achieved
o No critical impurities or deleterious elements commonly found in other natural graphite sources
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW
Sovereign is focused on the development of its Kasiya project in Malawi. The recently announced Pre-Feasibility Study (“PFS”) confirms Kasiya potentially major critical minerals project delivering industry-leading economic returns and sustainability metrics.
The Company’s objective is to develop a large-scale, long life rutile-graphite operation, focusing on developing an environmentally and socially responsible, sustainable operation.
Figure 1: Sovereign’s Kasiya project displaying its position in South-East Africa.
Kasiya is the largest rutile deposit in the world with more than double the contained rutile as its nearest rutile peer, Sierra Rutile. The Kasiya Mineral Resource Estimate (“MRE”) is 1.8 Billion tonnes (“Bt”) at 1.0% rutile resulting in 17.9 Million tonnes (“Mt”) tonnes of contained natural rutile and 24.4Mt of contained graphite. The MRE has broad zones of very high-grade rutile which occurs contiguously across a very large area of over 200km2. Rutile mineralisation lies in laterally extensive, near surface, flat “blanket” style bodies in areas where the weathering profile is preserved and not significantly eroded. Kasiya’s graphite by-product MRE is 1.8Bt at 1.4% graphite, containing over 24.4Mt of graphite.
PFS CONFIRMS KASIYA AS A MAJOR CRITICAL MINERALS PROJECT DELIVERING INDUSTRY-LEADING ECONOMIC RETURNS AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS
The PFS confirmed Kasiya as potentially a major critical minerals project with an extremely low CO2-footprint delivering major volumes of natural rutile and graphite while generating significant economic returns.
The PFS is an Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering International (“AACEI”) Class 3 estimate with an accuracy of -20% and +25%.
ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS
US$1,605M |
28% |
US$415M |
||
After Tax NPV8 |
After Tax IRR |
Ave. Annual EBITDA |
||
US$16Bn |
|
US$404/t |
|
US$597M |
Total Revenue |
|
Operating Cost |
|
Capex to 1st Production |
· “Market Leader” Position in Two Critical Minerals:
– Positioned to potentially become the world’s largest rutile producer at 222kt per annum for an initial 25 year LOM
– Potentially one of the world’s largest natural graphite producers outside of China at 244kt per annum
– Natural rutile facing extreme global supply deficit estimated to widen a further 40% over the next 5 years
– Natural graphite market moving into deficit as demand rapidly grows in the lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle (“EV”) sectors
– Initial Probable Ore Reserves declared of 538Mt, representing conversion of only 30% of the total Mineral Resource
– Substantial production rate and mine life upside exists as the PFS modelling was limited to only 25 years
· Highly Compelling Cost Profile:
– Cash operating costs of US$404/t of product will position Kasiya as the lowest cost producer of rutile and graphite globally
– Increased capital to first production is primarily due to bringing forward capital items previously planned for Stage 2 including a rail spur, full-scale water dam, integrated power and optimised graphite production, as well as generally enhanced engineering and global cost inflation
· Industry-Redefining Environmental and Social Advantages:
– Extremely low CO2-footprint operation incorporating climate-smart attributes including hydro-mining with renewables power solution
– CO2 emissions expected to be lowest in class versus existing and planned operations and versus alternative synthetic products
– Low-impact operation with mineralisation at surface, zero-strip ratio, low reagent usage, simple process flowsheet and progressive land rehabilitation
Table 1: Key PFS Outcomes |
||||
Outcome |
|
Unit |
Kasiya |
|
NPV8 (real post-tax) |
US$ |
$1,605M |
||
NPV10 (real post-tax) |
US$ |
$1,205M |
||
IRR (post-tax) |
% |
28% |
||
Capital Costs to First Production (Stage 1) |
US$ |
$597M |
||
Expansion Capital (Stage 2) |
US$ |
$287M |
||
Plant relocation |
US$ |
$366M |
||
Operating Costs |
US$/t mined |
$8.74 |
||
Operating Costs |
US$/t product |
$404 |
||
Revenue to Cost Ratio |
X |
2.8 |
||
NPV8 / Capital Costs to First Production |
X |
2.7 |
||
Throughput (Average LOM) |
Mtpa |
21.5 |
||
Modelled Life |
years |
25 |
||
Annual Production (Average LOM) – rutile |
ktpa |
222 |
||
Annual Production (Average LOM) – graphite |
ktpa |
244 |
||
Total Revenue (LOM) |
US$ |
$16,121M |
||
Annual Revenue (Average LOM) |
US$ |
$645M |
||
Annual EBITDA (Average LOM) |
US$/year |
$415M |
||
Payback – from start of production |
years |
4.3 years |
||
RIO TINTO INVESTS $40.6M TO BECOME A 15% STRATEGIC INVESTOR
Subsequent to the end of the year, Sovereign completed a A$40.6 million strategic investment by Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited (Rio Tinto) to advance Sovereign’s world-class Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project in Malawi.
Rio Tinto subscribed for 83.3 million new fully paid ordinary shares (Shares) in Sovereign at a price of A$0.486 per Share for aggregate proceeds of A$40.6 million resulting in Rio Tinto holding approximately 15% of the ordinary shares of the Company.
The subscription also involved Rio Tinto being granted A$0.535 options to acquire 34.5 million further Shares in Sovereign on or before 21 July 2024 which could potentially result in Rio Tinto’s shareholding in the Company increasing up to 19.99% (based on the number of shares in issue in the Company as at the date of this report).
The Company will use the proceeds from Rio Tinto’s strategic investment to fund the advancement of Kasiya, including advancing into an optimisation phase prior to moving to the Definitive Feasibility Study (“DFS”).
GOVERNMENT OF MALAWI APPLAUDS RIO TINTO’S INVESTMENT
In a Press Release issued on 20 July 2023, the Government of Malawi has publicly applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining industry as promoted in the Malawi Vision 2063, which identifies mining as a priority industry.
The Government’s statement confirms its commitment to ensuring the growth of the mining sector through deliberate initiatives aiming at establishing a conducive investment environment in the sector.
With mining being one of the key pillars for growth under Malawi’s economic development strategy (Agriculture, Tourism, Mining – ATM Policy) and the potential for Kasiya to be a project of national significance, the Government has constituted an Inter-ministerial Project Development Committee to work alongside the Company.
INDICATED RESOURCE UPGRADE
In April 2023, Sovereign announced the updated MRE for its world-class Kasiya rutile-graphite deposit in Malawi. The updated MRE resulted in over 0.5 Billion tonnes converting from Inferred to Indicated, an 81% increase in the Indicated category. Kasiya now contains 1.2Bt @ 1.0% rutile and 1.5% graphite in the Indicated category and a total MRE of 1.8Bt @ 1.0% rutile and 1.4% graphite.
Kasiya remains the world’s largest natural rutile deposit and one of the largest flake graphite deposits.
Table 2: Kasiya Total Indicated + Inferred Mineral Resource Estimate at 0.7% rutile cut-off grade |
|||||
Classification |
Resource |
Rutile Grade |
Contained Rutile |
Graphite Grade (TGC) (%) |
Contained Graphite |
Indicated |
1,200 |
1.0% |
12.2 |
1.5% |
18.0 |
Inferred |
609 |
0.9% |
5.7 |
1.1% |
6.5 |
Total |
1,809 |
1.0% |
17.9 |
1.4% |
24.4 |
The updated MRE has further defined broad and contiguous zones of high-grade rutile and graphite which occur across a very large area of over 201km2. Rutile mineralisation is concentrated in laterally extensive, near surface, flat “blanket” style bodies in areas where the weathering profile is preserved and not significantly eroded. Graphite is depleted near surface with grades improving at depths generally >4m to the base of the saprolite zone which averages about 22m.
Sovereign’s 2022 drill program at Kasiya used push tube (“PT”) core holes to in-fill and convert Inferred mineralisation into the Indicated category. The consistency and robustness of the geology allowed for an efficient conversion of this previously Inferred material on a near-identical one-for-one basis to the Indicated category.
A total of 66% of the MRE now reports to the Indicated category @ 1.0% rutile and 1.5% TGC – up from 33% previously. Overall, the new Indicated components show coherent, broad bodies of mineralisation that have coalesced well, particularly in the southern parts of the MRE.
Further advancement in this MRE update was the application of air-core (“AC”) drilling to define the depth of mineralisation in a number of selected higher-grade areas. As expected, this drilling shows that high-grade rutile and graphite mineralisation extends to the base of the soft saprolite unit terminating on the saprock basement averaging about 22m depth. This deeper AC drilling targeted early-scheduled mining pits mainly in the southern areas of the MRE footprint.
A number of higher-grade graphite zones at depth were identified which are generally associated with higher grade rutile at surface. Some of these zones have graphite grades at depths >6m in the 4% to 8% TGC range and represent significant contained coarse flake graphite tonnages.
ESG FRAMEWORK ADVANCES SOCIAL INITIATIVES IN MALAWI
Sovereign has established an Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) framework to advance Sovereign’s Corporate Social Responsibility in Malawi which continues to undertake several initiatives to assist in the development of Malawi and its local communities, including:
· Promoting education in Malawi through a Schools Upgrade Program and creation of a Scholarship Program for high school learners
· Advancing local community infrastructure including construction of a new Community Centre and commissioning of water bores across the Company’s licence area to provide local communities with drinking water
· Establishing international standard mining industry facilities with the construction of an extensive rutile sample laboratory in Lilongwe
· Employment of a diverse workforce and developing key exploration and mining-applicable skills through training programs
Continuing engagement with key stakeholders from local communities through to Government level
Corporate
Subsequent to 30 June 2023, the Group completed a A$40.6 million strategic investment by Rio Tinto to advance Kasiya. Rio Tinto subscribed for 83.3 million Shares in Sovereign at a price of A$0.486 per Share for aggregate proceeds of A$40.6 million resulting in Rio Tinto holding approximately 15% of the ordinary shares of the Company. The subscription also involved Rio Tinto being granted unlisted options, exercisable at $0.535 each on or before 21 July 2024, to acquire 34.5 million further Shares in Sovereign which could result in Rio Tinto’s shareholding in the Company potentially increasing up to 19.99% (based on the number of shares on issue in the Company as at the date of this report).
Results of Operations
The net loss of the Group for the year ended 30 June 2023 was $5,819,873 (2022: $13,719,731). Significant items contributing to the year end loss include the following:
· Exploration and evaluation expenses of $10,627,458 (2022: $8,072,133) in relation to the Group’s projects in Malawi. This is attributable to the Group’s accounting policy of expensing exploration and evaluation expenditure incurred by the Group subsequent to acquisition of the rights to explore and up to the completion of feasibility studies;
· Non-cash share-based payments expenses totalling $2,083,592 (2022: $2,941,985) relating to performance rights. The fair value of performance rights are recognised over the vesting period of the incentive security;
· Business development expenses of $2,096,822 (2022: $1,964,460) which includes the Group’s investor relations activities including but not limited to public relations costs, marketing and digital marketing, broker fees, travel costs, conference fees, business development consultant fees and costs of the Group’s AIM listing; and
· A one-off gain of $9,480,980 (2022: nil) from the demerger of NGX Limited (NGX) relating to the difference between the fair value of the in-specie distribution of NGX shares to existing Sovereign shareholders and the carrying value of the net assets demerged, less costs.
Financial Position
As at 30 June 2023, the Group had cash and cash equivalents of $5,564,376 as at 30 June 2023 (2022: $18,892,741) and borrowings of nil (2022: nil). The Group had net assets of $9,672,569 at 30 June 2023 (2022: $25,161,138), a decrease of $15,488,569 or approximately 62% compared with the previous year. The decrease is largely driven by the reduction in cash due to expenditure activities and the impact of the demerger of NGX Limited during the financial year.
At the date of this report, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $43 million and no debt.
Business Strategies and Prospects for Future Financial Years
The objective of the Group is to create long-term shareholder value through the discovery, development and acquisition of technically and economically viable mineral deposits.
To date, the Group has not commenced production of any minerals. To achieve its objective, the Group currently has the following business strategies and prospects over the medium to long term:
· Following completion of the PFS at Kasiya, the Company will advance into an optimisation phase prior to moving to the DFS with support from the Company’s strategic investor, Rio Tinto;
· Conduct further exploration programs across rutile targets identified on the Group’s tenements; and
All of these activities are inherently risky and the Board is unable to provide certainty that any or all of these developments will be able to be achieved. The material business risks faced by the Group that are likely to have an effect on the Group’s future prospects, and how the Group manages these risks, include:
· The Group’s exploration properties may never be brought into production – The exploration for, and development of, mineral deposits involves a high degree of risk. Few properties which are explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. To mitigate this risk, the Group will undertake systematic and staged exploration and testing programs on its mineral properties and, subject to the results of these exploration programs, the Group will then progressively undertake a number of technical and economic studies with respect to its projects prior to making a decision to mine. However there can be no guarantee that the studies will confirm the technical and economic viability of the Group’s mineral properties or that the properties will be successfully brought into production;
· The Group’s activities will require further capital – The exploration and any development of the Group’s exploration properties will require substantial additional financing. Failure to obtain sufficient financing may result in delaying or indefinite postponement of exploration and any development of the Group’s properties or even a loss of property interest. There can be no assurance that additional capital or other types of financing will be available if needed or that, if available, the terms of such financing will be favourable to the Group;
· The Group is subject to sovereign risk of the Republic of Malawi – The Group’s operations in the Republic of Malawi are exposed to various levels of political, economic and other risks and uncertainties. The Republic of Malawi is a developing country and there can be no assurances that the risks of operating in the Republic of Malawi will not directly impact the Group’s operations. During the period, the Government of Malawi proposed a new Mines and Minerals Bill (2023) (“New Bill”) which was passed by the Malawian Parliament and awaits Malawian Presidential Assent and publication in the Malawi Gazette before coming into force. If approved, the New Bill will replace the Mines and Minerals Act (2019) (“Mines Act”). The New Bill introduces amendments to improve transparency and governance of the mining industry in Malawi. Sovereign notes the following updates in the New Bill which may affect the Company in the future: (i) Exploration Licenses (“ELs”) will now be granted for an initial period of 5 years with the ability to extend by 3 years on two occasions (total 11 years); (ii) the Malawian Government maintains a right to free equity ownership for large-scale mining licences but the New Bill proposes to remove the automatic free government equity ownership with the right to be a negotiation matter; and (iii) A new Mining and Regulatory Authority will be responsible for implementing the objectives of the New Bill;
· The Group may be adversely affected by fluctuations in commodity prices and/or foreign exchange – The price of rutile, graphite and other commodities fluctuates widely and is affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Group. Future production, if any, from the Group’s mineral properties will be dependent upon the price of rutile and graphite and other commodities being adequate to make these properties economic. Current and planned development activities are predominantly denominated in US dollars and the Group’s ability to fund these activities may be adversely affected if the Australian dollar continues to fall against the US Dollar. The Group currently does not engage in any hedging or derivative transactions to manage commodity price or foreign exchange risk. As the Group’s operations change, this policy will be reviewed periodically going forward; and
· Global financial conditions may adversely affect the Group’s growth and profitability – Many industries, including the mineral resource industry, are impacted by these market conditions. Some of the key impacts include contraction in credit markets resulting in a widening of credit risk, devaluations and high volatility in global equity, commodity, foreign exchange and precious metal markets, and a lack of market liquidity. Due to the current nature of the Group’s activities, a slowdown in the financial markets or other economic conditions may adversely affect the Group’s growth and ability to finance its activities.
DIRECTORS
The names of Directors in office at any time during or since the end of the financial year are:
Current Directors
Mr Benjamin Stoikovich Chairman
Dr Julian Stephens Managing Director
Mr Ian Middlemas Non-Executive Director
Mr Mark Pearce Non-Executive Director
Mr Nigel Jones Non-Executive Director
Unless otherwise disclosed, Directors held their office from 1 July 2022 until the date of this report.
CURRENT DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Benjamin Stoikovich
Chairman
Qualifications – B.Eng, M.Eng, M.Sc, CEng, CEnv
Mr Stoikovich is an experienced mining executive and corporate finance professional residing in London. Mr Stoikovich is currently the Chief Executive Officer of GreenX Metals Limited (ASX: GRX) and was formerly a Director of the Mining and Metals Corporate Finance Division of Standard Chartered Bank in London, with extensive experience in financing the development of African mining projects and exposure to the mineral sands sector.
Mr Stoikovich started his career as a mining engineer with BHP Billiton in Australia, gaining broad experience across mine operations management and qualifying as a mine manager. He holds a post graduate degree in Environmental Engineering and UK professional designation as a Chartered Environmentalist (CEnv) with wide ranging experience of managing the environmental, social and sustainability aspects of mining projects across the life-cycle and the ESG requirements of the investment community. Mr Stoikovich was appointed a Director of the Company on 13 October 2020. During the three year period to the end of the financial year, Mr Stoikovich held a directorship in GreenX Metals Limited (June 2013 – present).
Julian Stephens
Managing Director
Qualifications – B.Sc (Hons), PhD, MAIG
Dr Stephens originally identified and secured the Malawi properties acquired by Sovereign in 2012. He has since been closely involved with the subsequent exploration and development of these projects, including the discovery of the Kasiya rutile deposit.
Dr Stephens has extensive experience in the resources sector having spent in excess of 25 years in board, executive management, senior operational and economic geology research roles for a number of companies. He has spent over a decade working on African projects, particularly projects in Malawi. Dr Stephens holds a PhD from James Cook University, Queensland and is a member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists.
Dr Stephens was appointed a Director of Sovereign Metals Limited on 22 January 2016 and subsequently appointed Managing Director on 27 June 2016. During the three year period to the end of the financial year, Dr Stephens did not hold any other directorships in publicly listed companies.
Ian Middlemas
Non-Executive Director
Qualifications – B.Com, CA
Mr Middlemas is a Chartered Accountant and holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree. He worked for a large international Chartered Accounting firm before joining the Normandy Mining Group where he was a senior group executive for approximately 10 years. He has had extensive corporate and management experience, and is currently a director of a number of publicly listed companies in the resources sector.
Mr Middlemas was appointed a Director of Sovereign Metals Limited on 20 July 2006. During the three year period to the end of the financial year, Mr Middlemas has held directorships in Constellation Resources Limited (November 2017 – present), Apollo Minerals Limited (July 2016 – present), GCX Metals Limited (October 2013 – present), Berkeley Energia Limited (April 2012 – present), GreenX Metals Limited (August 2011 – present), NGX Limited (April 2021 – present), Salt Lake Potash Limited (Receivers and Managers Appointed) (January 2010 – present), Equatorial Resources Limited (November 2009 – present), Odyssey Gold Limited (September 2005 – present), Piedmont Lithium Limited (September 2009 – December 2020) and Peregrine Gold Limited (September 2020 – February 2022).
Mark Pearce
Non-Executive Director
Qualifications – B.Bus, CA, FCIS, FFin
Mr Pearce is a Chartered Accountant and is currently a director of several listed companies that operate in the resources sector. He has had considerable experience in the formation and development of listed resource companies. Mr Pearce is also a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and a member of the Financial Services Institute of Australasia.
Mr Pearce was appointed a Director of Sovereign Metals Limited on 20 July 2006. During the three year period to the end of the financial year, Mr Pearce has held directorships in Constellation Resources Limited (July 2016 – present), GreenX Metals Limited (August 2011 – present), Equatorial Resources Limited (November 2009 – present), GCX Metals Limited (June 2022 – present), NGX Limited (April 2021 – present), Peregrine Gold Limited (September 2020 – February 2022), Odyssey Gold Limited (September 2005 – August 2020), Salt Lake Potash Limited (Receivers and Managers Appointed) (August 2014 – October 2020) and Apollo Minerals Limited (July 2016 – February 2021).
Nigel Jones
Non-Executive Director
Qualifications – MA
Mr Jones has over 30 years of mining industry experience with 22 years in a number of senior roles at Rio Tinto Group, where most recently, Mr Jones was Managing Director of Rio Tinto’s Simandou iron ore project, one of the world’s largest proposed mining developments.
In this role, he was accountable for all aspects of the project’s development, including its complex ESG strategy. Such aspects included impacts on natural ecosystems, biodiversity, and community and government relations.
Mr Jones was also a member of the senior leadership team of the Energy and Minerals product group, which incorporated Rio Tinto’s titanium dioxide feedstock businesses in Canada and southern Africa. Prior roles in Rio Tinto included Head of Business Development, Head of Business Evaluation and Managing Director of the group’s Marine operations.
Mr Jones was appointed a Director of Sovereign Metals Limited on 10 February 2022. During the three year period to the end of the financial year, Mr Jones held a directorship in Berkeley Energia Limited (June 2017 – November 2020).
Mr Dylan Browne
Company Secretary
Qualifications – B.Com, CA, AGIA ACG
Mr Browne is a Chartered Accountant and Associate Member of the Governance Institute of Australia (Chartered Secretary) who is currently Company Secretary for a number of ASX and European listed companies that operate in the resources sector. He commenced his career at a large international accounting firm and has since been involved with a number of exploration and development companies operating in the resources sector, based in London and Perth, including Berkeley Energia Limited, Apollo Minerals Limited, GreenX Metals Limited and Papillon Resources Limited. Mr Browne successfully listed Prairie Mining Limited on the Main Board of the London Stock Exchange (“LSE”) and the Warsaw Stock Exchange and oversaw Berkeley’s listings on the Main Board LSE and the Madrid, Barcelona, Bilboa and Valencia Stock Exchanges. Mr Browne was appointed Company Secretary of the Company on 29 April 2021.
PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
The principal activities of the Group during the year consisted of development of Kasiya. No significant change in the nature of these activities occurred during the year.
DIVIDENDS
No dividends have been declared, provided for or paid in respect of the financial year ended 30 June 2023 (30 June 2022: nil).
LOSS PER SHARE
|
2023 |
2022 |
Basic and diluted loss per share |
(1.24) |
(3.17) |
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
Sovereign Metals Limited is a company limited by shares that is incorporated and domiciled in Australia. The Company has prepared a consolidated financial report including the entities it incorporated and controlled during the financial year.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
|
2023 $ |
2022 |
Loss of the Group before income tax expense |
(5,819,873) |
(13,719,731) |
Income tax expense |
– |
– |
Net loss |
(5,819,873) |
(13,719,731) |
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE STATE OF AFFAIRS
In March 2023, Sovereign successfully demerged its standalone graphite projects; Nanzeka Project, Malingunde Project, Duwi Project and Mabuwa Project into NGX Limited. The demerger has allowed Sovereign and the existing management team to focus on Kasiya, while retaining extensive graphite exposure via Kasiya’s graphite co-product.
There are no significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group during the year not otherwise disclosed in this report.
SIGNIFICANT POST BALANCE DATE EVENTS
Subsequent to 30 June 2023, the Group completed a A$40.6 million strategic investment by Rio Tinto to advance Kasiya. Rio Tinto subscribed for 83.3 million Shares in Sovereign at a price of A$0.486 per Share for aggregate proceeds of A$40.6 million resulting in Rio Tinto holding approximately 15% of the ordinary shares of the Company. The subscription also involved Rio Tinto being granted unlisted options, exercisable at $0.535 each on or before 21 July 2024, to acquire 34.5 million further Shares in Sovereign which could result in Rio Tinto’s shareholding in the Company potentially increasing up to 19.99% (based on the number of shares on issue in the Company as at the date of subscription).
On 25 August 2023, the Company issued 2.5 million Shares to SCP Resource Finance as a 3% advisory fee on the amount of Rio Tinto’s initial investment.
There are no other matters or circumstances which have arisen since 30 June 2023 that have significantly affected or may significantly affect:
· the operations, in financial years subsequent to 30 June 2023 of the Group;
· the results of those operations, in financial years subsequent to 30 June 2023 of the Group; or
· the state of affairs, in financial years subsequent to 30 June 2023 of the Group.
INFORMATION ON DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN SECURITIES OF SOVEREIGN
As at the date of this report, the Directors’ interests in the securities of the Company are as follows:
Interest in Securities at the Date of this Report |
|||
Current Directors |
Ordinary Shares(i) |
Performance Rights – Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone(ii) |
Performance Rights – Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone (iii) |
Benjamin Stoikovich |
3,590,000 |
600,000 |
600,000 |
Julian Stephens |
15,657,518 |
900,000 |
1,200,000 |
Ian Middlemas |
16,100,000 |
– |
– |
Mark Pearce |
4,295,842 |
225,000 |
300,000 |
Nigel Jones |
– |
225,000 |
300,000 |
Notes:
(i) “Ordinary Shares” means fully paid ordinary shares in the capital of the Company;
(ii) “Performance Rights – “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” means an unlisted performance right that converts to one Share in the capital of the Company upon satisfaction of the relevant milestone; and
(iii) “Performance Rights – “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” means an unlisted performance right that converts to one Share in the capital of the Company upon satisfaction of the relevant milestone.
SHARE OPTIONS AND PERFORMANCE RIGHTS
At the date of this report the following options and rights have been issued by the Company over unissued capital:
· 34,549,598 Unlisted Options exercisable at $0.535 each on or before 21 July 2024;
· 6,100,000 Performance Rights subject to the Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone that expire on 30 September 2023; and
· 7,810,000 Performance Rights subject to the Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone that expire on 31 October 2025.
During the year ended 30 June 2023 and up to the date of this report, 150,000 ordinary shares have been issued as a result of the exercise of options and/or conversion of performance rights.
MEETINGS OF DIRECTORS
The following table sets out the number of meetings of the Company’s Directors held during the year ended 30 June 2023, and the number of meetings attended by each Director.
|
Board Meetings |
ESG Committee |
||
Current Directors |
Eligible to Attend |
Number |
Eligible to Attend |
Number |
Benjamin Stoikovich |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
Julian Stephens |
4 |
4 |
– |
– |
Ian Middlemas |
4 |
4 |
– |
– |
Mark Pearce |
4 |
4 |
– |
– |
Nigel Jones |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
The Board as a whole currently performs the functions of an Audit Committee, Risk Committee, Nomination Committee and Remuneration Committee. However this will be reviewed should the size and nature of the Company’s activities change.
The ESG Committee was established to support the Company’s ongoing commitment to environmental, health and safety, corporate social responsibility, corporate governance, sustainability and other public policy matters relevant to the Company. Please refer to the Corporate Governance section on page 57 for further discussion on the Company’s Corporate Governance Statement and policies.
REMUNERATION REPORT (AUDITED)
This Remuneration Report, which forms part of the Directors’ Report, sets out information about the remuneration of Key Management Personnel (“KMP”) of the Group.
Details of KMP
The KMP of the Group during or since the end of the financial year is as follows:
Directors
Mr Benjamin Stoikovich Chairman
Dr Julian Stephens Managing Director
Mr Ian Middlemas Non-Executive Director
Mr Mark Pearce Non-Executive Director
Mr Nigel Jones Non-Executive Director
Other KMP
Mr Frank Eagar General Manager – Africa (appointed 30 November 2022)
Mr Paul Marcos Head of Project Development
Mr Sam Cordin Business Development Manager
Unless otherwise disclosed, the KMP held their position from 1 July 2022 until the date of this report.
Remuneration Policy
The Group’s remuneration policy for its KMP has been developed by the Board taking into account the size of the Group, the size of the management team for the Group, the nature and stage of development of the Group’s current operations, and market conditions and comparable salary levels for companies of a similar size and operating in similar sectors.
In addition to considering the above general factors, the Board has also placed emphasis on the following specific issues in determining the remuneration policy for KMP:
· the Group is currently focused on undertaking exploration, appraisal and development activities;
· risks associated with small cap resource companies whilst exploring and developing projects; and
· other than profit which may be generated from asset sales, the Company does not expect to be undertaking profitable operations until sometime after the commencement of commercial production on any of its projects.
Executive Remuneration
The Group’s remuneration policy is to provide a fixed remuneration component and a performance based component (options, performance rights and a cash bonus, see below). The Board believes that this remuneration policy is appropriate given the considerations discussed in the section above and is appropriate in aligning executives’ objectives with shareholder and business objectives.
Fixed Remuneration
Fixed remuneration consists of base salaries, as well as employer contributions to superannuation funds and other non-cash benefits. Fixed remuneration is reviewed annually by the Board. The process consists of a review of company and individual performance, relevant comparative remuneration externally and internally and, where appropriate, external advice on policies and practices.
Performance Based Remuneration – Short Term Incentive
Some executives are entitled to an annual cash bonus upon achieving various key performance indicators (“KPI’s”), as set by the Board. Having regard to the current size, nature and opportunities of the Company, the Board has determined that these KPI’s will include measures such as the successful completion of business development activities (e.g. project acquisition and capital raisings) and exploration activities (e.g. completion of exploration programs within budgeted timeframes and costs). The Board assesses performance against these criteria annually.
During the 2023 financial year, a total bonus sum of $270,000 (2022: $230,000), representing 100% of KMP entitlement, was accrued to executives after achievement of KPIs set by the Board. For the 2023 year, the KPI areas of focus included: (a) announcement of upgraded resources at Kasiya in April 2023 (b) progression with the Pre-Feasibility study (PFS) at the Kasiya Rutile Project (Kasiya); (c) announcement of downstream testwork for the Kasiya graphite co-product; (d) completion of the NGX Demerger; (e) completion of successful drilling programs at Kasiya; (f) announcement of rutile offtake and a marketing alliance with Mitsui & Co Ltd; and (g) announcement of rutile offtake with The Chemours Company. Specific KPIs are set and weighted individually for each KMP and are designed to drive successful business outcomes. No cash bonuses were forfeited during the financial year.
Performance Based Remuneration – Long Term Incentive
The Group has a long-term equity incentive plan (“Incentive Plan”) comprising the grant of Performance Rights and/or Incentive Options to reward KMP and key employees and contractors for long-term performance. To achieve its corporate objectives, the Group needs to attract, incentivise, and retain its key employees and contractors. The Board believes that grants of Performance Rights and/or Incentive Options to KMP will provide a useful tool to underpin the Group’s employment and engagement strategy.
(i) Performance Rights
The Group has an Incentive Plan that provides for the issuance of unlisted performance share rights (“Performance Rights”) which, upon satisfaction of the relevant performance conditions attached to the Performance Rights, will result in the issue of an Ordinary Share for each Performance Right. Performance Rights are issued for no consideration and no amount is payable upon conversion thereof. The Incentive Plan enables the Group to: (a) recruit, incentivise and retain KMP and other key employees and contractors needed to achieve the Group’s business objectives; (b) link the reward of key staff with the achievement of strategic goals and the long-term performance of the Group; (c) align the financial interest of participants of the Plan with those of Shareholders; and (d) provide incentives to participants of the Incentive Plan to focus on superior performance that creates Shareholder value.
Performance Rights granted under the Incentive Plan to eligible participants will be linked to the achievement by the Group of certain performance conditions as determined by the Board from time to time. These performance conditions must be satisfied in order for the Performance Rights to vest. Upon Performance Rights vesting, Ordinary Shares are automatically issued for no consideration. If a performance condition of a Performance Right is not achieved by the expiry date then the Performance Right will lapse.
During the financial year, 1,410,000 Performance Rights were granted to KMP under the Plan and a further 360,000 separate to the Plan. No Performance Rights held by KMP lapsed during the financial year.
The vesting conditions of the Performance Rights are performance conditions as follows:
a. Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone means announcement on or before 30 September 2023, of a positive Pre-Feasibility Study for the Malawi Rutile Project in accordance with the provisions of the JORC Code which demonstrates the following:
i. A minimum net present value of US$1,000M (using a minimum discount rate of 8%);
ii. A minimum life of mine of 20 years; and
iii. A minimum internal rate of return of 25%.
b. Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone means announcement on or before 31 October 2025, of a positive Definitive Feasibility Study for the Malawi Rutile Project in accordance with the provisions of the JORC Code which demonstrates the following:
i. A minimum net present value of US$1,000M (using a minimum discount rate of 8%);
ii. A minimum life of mine of 20 years; and
iii. A minimum internal rate of return of 25%.
(ii) Incentive Options
The Incentive Plan also that provides for the issuance of unlisted incentive options (“Incentive Options”) as part of remuneration and incentive arrangements in order to attract and retain services and to provide an incentive linked to the performance of the Group. The Board’s policy is to grant Incentive Options to KMP with exercise prices at or above market share price (at the time of agreement). As such, the Incentive Options granted to KMP are generally only of benefit if the KMP performs to the level whereby the value of the Group increases sufficiently to warrant exercising the Incentive Options granted. Other than service-based vesting conditions (if any) and the exercise price required to exercise the Incentive Options, there are no additional performance criteria on the Incentive Options granted to KMP, as given the speculative nature of the Group’s activities and the small management team responsible for its running, it is considered that the performance of the KMP and the performance and value of the Group are closely related. The Group prohibits executives from entering into arrangements to limit their exposure to Incentive Options granted as part of their remuneration package.
During the financial year, no Incentive Options were granted, exercised or lapsed to KMP.
Remuneration Policy for Non-Executive Directors
The Board policy is to remunerate Non-Executive Directors at market rates for comparable companies for time, commitment and responsibilities. Given the current size, nature and risks of the Company, incentive options and performance rights have been used to attract and retain Non-Executive Directors. The Board determines payments to the Non-Executive Directors and reviews their remuneration annually, based on market practice, duties and accountability. Independent external advice is sought when required.
The maximum aggregate amount of fees that can be paid to Non-Executive Directors is subject to approval by shareholders at a General Meeting and is currently $500,000. Director’s fees paid to Non-Executive Directors accrue on a daily basis. Fees for Non-Executive Directors are not linked to the performance of the economic entity. However, to align Directors’ interests with shareholder interests, the Directors are encouraged to hold shares in the Company and Non-Executive Directors have received incentive options and performance rights in order to secure their services and as a key component of their remuneration.
Fees for the Chairman are $95,000 (£50,000) per annum (2022: $36,000) and fees for Non-Executive Directors’ are $76,000 (£40,000) to $20,000 per annum (2022: $73,000 (£40,000) to $20,000 per annum). Non-Executive Directors may receive additional remuneration for other services provided to the Company, including but not limited to, membership of committees including the ESG Committee. The Chair of the ESG Committee currently receives £10,000 (2022: £10,000) for chairing the ESG Committee.
Relationship between Remuneration of KMP and Shareholder Wealth
During the Company’s exploration and development phases of its business, the Board anticipates that the Company will retain earnings (if any) and other cash resources for the exploration and development of its resource projects. Accordingly the Company does not currently have a policy with respect to the payment of dividends and returns of capital. Therefore there was no relationship between the Board’s policy for determining, or in relation to, the nature and amount of remuneration of KMP and dividends paid and returns of capital by the Company during the current and previous four financial years.
The Board did not determine, and in relation to, the nature and amount of remuneration of the KMP by reference to changes in the price at which shares in the Company traded between the beginning and end of the current and the previous four financial years. However, as noted above, a number of KMP have received incentive options which generally will only be of value should the value of the Company’s shares increase sufficiently to warrant exercising the incentive options, and performance rights which are linked to the achievement of certain performance conditions.
Relationship between Remuneration of KMP and Earnings
As discussed above, the Company is currently undertaking exploration and development activities, and does not expect to be undertaking profitable operations (other than by way of material asset sales, none of which is currently planned) until sometime after the successful commercialisation, production and sales of commodities from one or more of its projects. Accordingly the Board does not consider earnings during the current and previous four financial years when determining, and in relation to, the nature and amount of remuneration of KMP.
General
In addition to a focus on operating activities, the Board is also focused on finding and completing new business and other corporate opportunities. The Board considers that the prospects of the Company and resulting impact on shareholder wealth will be enhanced by this approach. Accordingly, the Board may pay a bonus or issue securities to KMP (executive or non-executive) based on their success in generating suitable new business or other corporate opportunities. A bonus may be paid or an issue of securities may also be made upon the successful completion of a new business or corporate transaction.
Where required, KMP receive superannuation contributions, equal to 10.5% of their salary, and do not receive any other retirement benefit. From time to time, some individuals have chosen to sacrifice part of their salary to increase payments towards superannuation. Effective 1 July 2023, the superannuation contribution rate is 11%.
All remuneration paid to KMP is valued at cost to the Company and expensed. Incentive options are valued using the Black Scholes option valuation methodology. The value of these incentive options is expensed over the vesting period. The fair value of performance rights granted is estimated as at the date of grant using the share price at the grant date. The value of the performance right is expensed over the vesting period.
Remuneration of KMP
Details of the nature and amount of each element of the remuneration of each KMP of the Company for the year ended 30 June 2023 and 30 June 2022 are as follows:
2023 |
Short-Term Benefits |
Post Employ-ment Superann- |
Non-Cash Equity Options/ Rights |
Other Non-Cash Benefits $ |
Total |
Percentage Performance Related % |
|
Salary & Fees |
Cash Bonus |
||||||
Directors |
|||||||
Benjamin Stoikovich(i) |
207,059 |
– |
– |
184,988 |
– |
392,047 |
47 |
Julian Stephens |
350,000 |
170,000 |
27,500 |
216,135 |
– |
763,635 |
51 |
Ian Middlemas |
36,000 |
– |
3,780 |
– |
– |
39,780 |
– |
Mark Pearce |
20,000 |
– |
2,100 |
111,705 |
– |
133,805 |
83 |
Nigel Jones |
93,932 |
– |
– |
105,836 |
– |
199,768 |
53 |
Other KMP |
|||||||
Frank Eagar(ii) |
217,710 |
– |
– |
214,674 |
432,384 |
50 |
|
Paul Marcos |
270,000 |
50,000 |
27,500 |
214,237 |
561,737 |
47 |
|
Sam Cordin |
205,000 |
50,000 |
26,775 |
120,432 |
– |
402,207 |
42 |
1,399,701 |
270,000 |
87,655 |
1,168,007 |
– |
2,925,363 |
2022 |
Short-Term Benefits |
Post Employ-ment Superann- |
Non-Cash Equity Options/ Rights |
Other Non-Cash Benefits $ |
Total |
Percentage Performance Related % |
|
Salary & Fees |
Cash Bonus |
||||||
Directors |
|||||||
Benjamin Stoikovich(i) |
153,450 |
– |
– |
136,313 |
– |
289,763 |
47 |
Julian Stephens |
300,000 |
100,000 |
27,500 |
340,782 |
– |
768,282 |
57 |
Ian Middlemas |
36,000 |
– |
3,600 |
– |
– |
39,600 |
– |
Mark Pearce |
20,000 |
– |
2,000 |
215,680 |
– |
237,680 |
91 |
Nigel Jones(iii) |
33,693 |
– |
– |
36,013 |
– |
69,706 |
52 |
Other KMP |
|||||||
Paul Marcos |
250,000 |
50,000 |
27,292 |
355,267 |
|
682,559 |
59 |
Sam Cordin |
180,000 |
80,000 |
26,000 |
136,313 |
– |
422,313 |
51 |
973,143 |
230,000 |
86,392 |
1,220,368 |
– |
2,509,903 |
Notes:
(i) In addition to Non-Executive Directors fees, Selwyn Capital Limited, an entity associated with Mr Stoikovich, was paid, or is payable, A$117,254 (2022: $124,703) for additional services provided in respect of corporate and business development activities which is included in Mr Stoikovich’s salary and fee amount.
(ii) Appointed 30 November 2022.
(iii) Appointed 10 February 2022.
Performance Rights Holdings of KMP
2023 |
Held at 1 July 2022 |
Granted as Compen-sation |
Options/ Rights Exercised |
Options/ Rights Expired |
Net Change Other |
Held at |
Vested and Exercisable at 30 June 2023(ii) |
Directors |
|||||||
Benjamin Stoikovich |
840,000 |
360,000 |
– |
– |
– |
1,200,000 |
– |
Julian Stephens |
2,100,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
2,100,000 |
– |
Mark Pearce |
525,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
525,000 |
– |
Nigel Jones |
525,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
525,000 |
– |
Other KMP |
|||||||
Frank Eagar |
–(i) |
1,200,000 |
– |
– |
– |
1,200,000 |
– |
Paul Marcos |
1,200,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
1,200,000 |
– |
Sam Cordin |
840,000 |
210,000 |
– |
– |
– |
1,050,000 |
– |
Notes:
(i) As at date of appointment.
(ii) There are no performance rights that are vested but not yet exercisable.
Incentive Securities Granted to KMP
Details of unlisted incentive securities granted by the Company to KMP of the Group during the past two financial years are as follows:
|
Options/ Rights |
Grant |
Expiry |
Exercise Price |
Grant Date Fair Value(i) |
No. Granted(ii) |
Total Value of Options/ Rights Granted $ |
No. Vested at 30 June 2023(iii) |
Director |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benjamin Stoikovich |
Rights |
18-Nov-22 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.460 |
240,000 |
110,400 |
– |
Rights |
18-Nov-22 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.460 |
120,000 |
55,200 |
– |
|
Mark Pearce |
Rights |
25-Nov-21 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.650 |
225,000 |
146,250 |
– |
Rights |
25-Nov-21 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.650 |
300,000 |
195,000 |
– |
|
Nigel Jones |
Rights |
9-Feb-22 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.470 |
225,000 |
105,750 |
– |
|
Rights |
9-Feb-22 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.470 |
300,000 |
141,000 |
– |
Other KMP |
||||||||
Frank Eagar |
Rights |
9-Sep-22 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.440 |
500,000 |
220,000 |
– |
Rights |
9-Sep-22 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.440 |
700,000 |
308,000 |
– |
|
Paul Marcos |
Rights |
6-Sep-21 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.545 |
450,000 |
245,250 |
– |
Rights |
6-Sep-21 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.545 |
750,000 |
408,750 |
– |
|
Sam Cordin |
Rights |
20-Dec-22 |
30 Sep 23 |
– |
0.410 |
90,000 |
36,900 |
– |
Rights |
20-Dec-22 |
31 Oct 25 |
– |
0.410 |
120,000 |
49,200 |
– |
Notes:
(i) The fair value of the unlisted performance rights as at grant date is consistent with the closing share price of the Company as at that date.
(ii) Each unlisted performance right converts into one ordinary share of Sovereign Metals Limited subject to the performance conditions being met;
(iii) The vesting conditions are performance conditions as follows:
a. Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone means announcement on or before 30 September 2023, of a positive Pre-Feasibility Study for the Malawi Rutile Project in accordance with the provisions of the JORC Code which demonstrates, a) a minimum net present value of US$1,000M (using a minimum discount rate of 8%), b) a minimum life of mine of years; and c) a minimum internal rate of return of 25%.
b. Definitive Feasibility Milestone means announcement on or before 31 October 2025, of a positive Definitive Feasibility Study for the Malawi Rutile Project in accordance with the provisions of the JORC Code which demonstrates, a) a minimum net present value of US$1,000M (using a minimum discount rate of 8%), b) a minimum life of mine of years; and c) a minimum internal rate of return of 25%.
The performance rights will also immediately vest if a change of control event or financing event occurs in respect of the shares and/or assets of the Company.
Details of the value of unlisted securities granted, lapsed or converted for each KMP of the Company or Group during the financial year are as follows:
|
|
|
|
Value of Options and Rights Granted During the Year $ |
Value of Options and Rights Exercised During the Year(i) $ |
Value of Options and Rights Lapsed During the Year |
Value Options and Rights included in Remuneration for the Period |
Percentage of Remuneration for the Period that Consists of Options and Rights |
2023 |
No. of options & rights granted # |
No. of options & rights vested # |
No. of options & rights cancelled/ lapsed # |
|||||
Directors |
||||||||
Benjamin Stoikovich |
360,000 |
– |
– |
165,600 |
– |
– |
184,988 |
47 |
Julian Stephens |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
216,135 |
51 |
Mark Pearce |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
111,705 |
83 |
Nigel Jones |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
105,836 |
53 |
Other KMP |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Frank Eagar |
1,200,000 |
– |
– |
528,000 |
– |
– |
214,674 |
50 |
Paul Marcos |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
214,237 |
47 |
Sam Cordin |
210,000 |
– |
– |
86,100 |
– |
– |
120,432 |
42 |
Notes:
(i) Determined at the time of exercise or conversion at the intrinsic value.
Loans to/from KMP
No loans were provided to or received from KMP during the year ended 30 June 2023 (2022: Nil).
Ordinary Shareholdings of KMP
2023 |
Held at 1 July 2022 |
Granted as compensation |
On Exercise of Options/ Rights |
Purchases/Sell (#) |
Net Other Change |
Held at 30 June 2023 |
Directors |
||||||
Benjamin Stoikovich |
3,590,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
3,590,000 |
Julian Stephens |
15,657,518 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
15,657,518 |
Ian Middlemas |
16,100,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
16,100,000 |
Mark Pearce |
4,295,842 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
4,295,842 |
Nigel Jones |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Other KMP |
||||||
Frank Eagar |
–(i) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Paul Marcos |
300,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
300,000 |
Sam Cordin |
4,079,413 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
4,079,413 |
Notes:
(i) As at date of appointment.
Other Transactions with KMP
Selwyn Capital Limited (“Selwyn”), a company associated with Mr Stoikovich is engaged under an agreement to provide consulting services to the Company, on a rolling 12-month term that either party may terminate with one month written notice. Selwyn receives a daily rate of £1,000 under the consulting agreement. These services provided during the financial year amounted to $117,254 (2022: $124,703).
Apollo Group Pty Ltd, a company of which Mr Mark Pearce is a Director and beneficial shareholder, was paid, or is payable, $348,000 (2022: $300,000) for the provision of serviced office facilities, administration services and additional consulting services provided during the year. Effective 1 July 2023, the monthly fee has been increased to $31,000. The amount is based on a monthly retainer due and payable in advance and able to be terminated by either party with one month’s notice.
Employment Contracts with KMP
Dr Julian Stephens, Managing Director, has a letter of appointment confirming the terms and conditions of his appointment as Managing Director of the Company dated 27 June 2016. The contract specifies the duties and obligations to be fulfilled by the Managing Director. The contract has a rolling annual term and may be terminated by the Company by giving 3 months’ notice. No amount is payable in the event of termination for neglect or incompetence in regards to the performance of duties. As agreed by the Board, Dr Stephens’ annual salary was increased to $350,000 plus superannuation with an annual bonus of up to $120,000 payable in two equal instalments upon successful completion of KPIs as determined by the Board.
Mr Frank Eagar, General Manager – Africa, has a letter of employment confirming the terms and conditions of his appointment dated 9 September 2022. The contract specifies the duties and obligations to be fulfilled by the General Manager – Africa. The letter of employment has no fixed term and can be terminated by either party by giving 3 months’ notice. No amount is payable in the event of termination for neglect or incompetence in regards to the performance of duties. Mr Eagar receives a salary of US$252,000.
Mr Paul Marcos, Head of Project Development, has a letter of employment confirming the terms and conditions of his appointment dated 14 May 2021. The contract specifies the duties and obligations to be fulfilled by the Head of Project Development. The letter of employment has no fixed term and can be terminated by either party by giving 3 months’ notice. No amount is payable in the event of termination for neglect or incompetence in regards to the performance of duties. Mr Marcos receives a salary of $270,000 plus superannuation with an annual bonus of $50,000 payable upon successful completion of KPIs as determined by the Board.
Mr Sam Cordin, Business Development Manager, has a letter of employment confirming the terms and conditions of his appointment dated 9 August 2018. The contract specifies the duties and obligations to be fulfilled by the Business Development Manager. The letter of employment has no fixed term and can be terminated by either party by giving 3 months’ notice. No amount is payable in the event of termination for neglect or incompetence in regards to the performance of duties. Mr Cordin receives an annual salary of $205,000 plus superannuation with an annual bonus of up to $50,000 payable in two equal instalments upon successful completion of KPIs as determined by the Board.
All Directors have a letter of appointment confirming the terms and conditions of their appointment as a Director.
End of Remuneration Report
PROCEEDINGS ON BEHALF OF COMPANY
No person has applied for leave of court to bring proceedings on behalf of the Company or intervene in any proceedings to which the Company is a part for the purpose of taking responsibility on behalf of the Company for all or any part of those proceedings. The Company was not a party to any such proceedings during the year.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND PERFORMANCE
The Group’s operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations under the relevant government’s legislation. Full compliance with these laws and regulations is regarded as a minimum standard for all operations to achieve. Instances of environmental non-compliance by an operation are identified either by external compliance audits or inspections by relevant government authorities.
There have been no significant known breaches by the Group during the financial year.
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE OF OFFICERS AND AUDITORS
The Company has entered into Deeds of Indemnity with the Directors indemnifying them against certain liabilities and costs to the extent permitted by law.
The Group has paid, or agreed to pay, a premium in respect of Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance and Company Reimbursement policies for the 12 months ended 30 June 2023 and 2022, which cover all Directors and officers of the Group against liabilities to the extent permitted by the Corporations Act 2001. The policy conditions preclude the Group from any detailed disclosures including the premium amount paid.
To the extent permitted by law, the Company has agreed to indemnify its auditors, Ernst & Young, as part of the terms of its audit engagement agreement against claims by third parties arising from the audit (for an unspecified amount). No payment has been made to indemnify Ernst & Young during or since the financial year.
NON-AUDIT SERVICES
During the financial year, the Company’s current auditor, Ernst & Young (or by another person or firm on the auditor’s behalf) provided non-audit services relating to income tax preparation and advice, totalling $64,141 (2022: $14,214). The Directors are satisfied that the provision of non-audit services is compatible with the general standard of independence for auditors imposed by the Corporations Act. The nature and scope of the non-audit services provided means that auditor independence was not compromised.
AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE DECLARATION
The lead auditor’s independence declaration for the year ended 30 June 2023 has been received and can be found on page 20 of the Directors’ Report.
This report is made in accordance with a resolution of the Directors made pursuant to section 298(2) of the Corporations Act 2001.
For and on behalf of the Directors
JULIAN STEPHENS
Managing Director
Perth, 29 September 2023
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023 |
2022 |
Continuing Operations |
|
|
|
Interest Income |
|
268,967 |
33,117 |
Other income/(expenses) |
|
97,412 |
(65,992) |
Exploration and evaluation expenses |
|
(10,627,458) |
(8,072,133) |
Corporate and administrative expenses |
|
(859,360) |
(708,278) |
Share-based payment expenses |
|
(2,083,592) |
(2,941,985) |
Business development expenses |
|
(2,096,822) |
(1,964,460) |
Gain on demerger of NGX Limited |
|
9,480,980 |
– |
Loss before income tax |
|
(5,819,873) |
(13,719,731) |
Income tax expense |
|
– |
– |
Loss for the year |
|
(5,819,873) |
(13,719,731) |
Loss attributable to members of the parent |
|
(5,819,873) |
(13,719,731) |
Other Comprehensive loss, net of income tax: |
|
||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss |
|
||
Exchange differences on foreign entities |
|
(51,803) |
(63,362) |
Other comprehensive loss for the year, net of income tax |
|
(51,803) |
(63,362) |
Total comprehensive loss for the year |
|
(5,871,676) |
(13,783,093) |
Total comprehensive loss attributable to members of Sovereign Metals Limited |
|
(5,871,676) |
(13,783,093) |
Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations (cents per share) |
|
(1.24) |
(3.17) |
The above Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes in the full version of the Annual Report available at www.sovereignmetals.com.au.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 30 JUNE 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023 |
2022 |
Current Assets |
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
5,564,376 |
18,892,741 |
Other receivables |
|
286,484 |
302,424 |
Other financial assets |
|
420,000 |
200,000 |
Total Current Assets |
|
6,270,860 |
19,395,165 |
|
|
||
Non-current Assets |
|
||
Property, plant and equipment |
|
532,039 |
537,238 |
Exploration and evaluation assets |
|
5,086,129 |
7,170,282 |
Total Non-current Assets |
|
5,618,168 |
7,707,520 |
|
|
|
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
|
11,889,028 |
27,102,685 |
|
|
||
Current Liabilities |
|
||
Trade and other payables |
|
2,063,838 |
1,845,954 |
Provisions |
|
152,621 |
95,593 |
Total Current Liabilities |
|
2,216,459 |
1,941,547 |
|
|
|
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
|
2,216,459 |
1,941,547 |
NET ASSETS |
|
9,672,569 |
25,161,138 |
|
|
||
EQUITY |
|
||
Contributed equity |
|
74,508,488 |
78,860,187 |
Reserves |
|
(3,320,226) |
1,996,771 |
Accumulated losses |
|
(61,515,693) |
(55,695,820) |
TOTAL EQUITY |
|
9,672,569 |
25,161,138 |
The above Consolidated Statement of Financial Position should be read in conjunction with the
accompanying notes in the full version of the Annual Report available at www.sovereignmetals.com.au.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023 |
2022 |
Cash flows from operating activities |
|
|
|
Interest received |
|
281,287 |
20,416 |
Payments to suppliers and employees |
|
(13,096,569) |
(10,036,070) |
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
(12,815,282) |
(10,015,654) |
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
|
Payments for purchase of plant and equipment |
|
(80,528) |
(313,405) |
Repayment of loan receivable from NGX Limited |
|
271,509 |
– |
Movement in cash on deconsolidation of subsidiary |
|
(131,255) |
– |
Net cash from/(used) in investing activities |
|
59,726 |
(313,405) |
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities |
|
|
|
Proceeds from issue of shares |
|
– |
21,811,772 |
Share issue costs |
|
(600,221) |
(498,640) |
Funds received in advance for exercise of options |
|
– |
27,000 |
Net cash (used)/from financing activities |
|
(600,221) |
21,340,132 |
|
|
|
|
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents |
|
(13,355,776) |
11,011,073 |
Net foreign exchange differences |
|
27,411 |
(75,992) |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the financial year |
|
18,892,741 |
7,957,660 |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year |
|
5,564,376 |
18,892,741 |
The above Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes in the full version of the Annual Report available at www.sovereignmetals.com.au.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at 1 July 2022 |
78,860,187 |
2,084,466 |
– |
(87,695) |
(55,695,820) |
25,161,138 |
Net loss for the year |
– |
– |
– |
– |
(5,819,873) |
(5,819,873) |
Other comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation |
– |
– |
– |
(38,079) |
– |
(38,079) |
Reclassification of foreign currency translation |
– |
– |
– |
(13,724) |
– |
(13,724) |
Total comprehensive loss for the year |
– |
– |
– |
(51,803) |
(5,819,873) |
(5,871,676) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issue of Ordinary Shares upon exercise of options |
27,000 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
27,000 |
Share issue costs |
(212,693) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
(212,693) |
Transfer from SBP Reserve |
12,108 |
(12,108) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
In-specie distribution on demerger of NGX Limited |
(4,178,114) |
– |
(7,336,678) |
– |
– |
(11,514,792) |
Share-based payments expense |
– |
2,083,592 |
– |
– |
– |
2,083,592 |
Balance at 30 June 2023 |
74,508,488 |
4,155,950 |
(7,336,678) |
(139,498) |
(61,515,693) |
9,672,569 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at 1 July 2021 |
55,276,410 |
1,800,267 |
– |
(24,333) |
(41,976,089) |
15,076,255 |
Net loss for the year |
– |
– |
– |
– |
(13,719,731) |
(13,719,731) |
Other comprehensive loss |
||||||
Foreign currency translation |
– |
– |
– |
(63,362) |
– |
(63,362) |
Total comprehensive loss for the year |
– |
– |
– |
(63,362) |
(13,719,731) |
(13,783,093) |
|
||||||
Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity |
||||||
Placement of Ordinary Shares |
16,738,022 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
16,738,022 |
Issue of Ordinary Shares upon exercise of options |
5,193,750 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
5,193,750 |
Share issue costs |
(1,005,781) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
(1,005,781) |
Transfer from SBP Reserve |
2,657,786 |
(2,657,786) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Share-based payments expense |
– |
2,941,985 |
– |
– |
– |
2,941,985 |
Balance at 30 June 2022 |
78,860,187 |
2,084,466 |
– |
(87,695) |
(55,695,820) |
25,161,138 |
The above Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity should be read in conjunction with the
accompanying notes in the full version of the Annual Report available at www.sovereignmetals.com.au.
ISSUE OF SHARES ON CONVERSION OF PERFORMANCE RIGHTS AND AGM DATE
Sovereign Metals Limited (Sovereign or the Company) (ASX:SVM, AIM:SVML) advises that it has issued 6,100,000 fully paid ordinary shares (Shares) upon the conversion of 6,100,000 PFS Milestone performance rights held by certain directors, employees and consultants of the Company pursuant to its shareholder approved Employee Equity Incentive Plan for nil consideration. Change of Director’s Interest Notice are provided below.
An application will be made for the Shares to be admitted to trading on AIM (Admission) and it is expected that Admission will become effective on or around 5 October 2023.
Total Voting Rights
For the purposes of the Financial Conduct Authority’s Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules (DTRs), following Admission of the Shares, Sovereign will have 563,003,401 Ordinary Shares in issue with voting rights attached. The figure of 563,003,401 may be used by shareholders in the Company as the denominator for the calculations by which they will determine if they are required to notify their interest in, or a change to their interest in the Company, under the ASX Listing Rules or the DTRs.
Shares on conversion of the performance rights have been issued to Directors of the Company is detailed below.
Following the issue of Shares, Sovereign has the following securities on issue:
· 563,003,401 fully paid ordinary shares;
· 34,549,598 unlisted options exercisable at A$0.535 each on or before 21 July 2024; and
· 7,810,000 unlisted performance rights subject to the “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring on or before 31 October 2025.
Date of Annual General Meeting
The Company also advises in accordance with ASX Listing Rule 3.13.1, that the Company’s Annual General Meeting (AGM) will be held on Friday, 24 November 2023.
An item of business at the AGM will be the re-election of Directors. In accordance with clause 6.2(f) of the Company’s Constitution, the closing date for receipt of nominations from persons wishing to be considered for election as a Director is Friday, 6 October 2023.
Any nominations must be received at the Company’s registered office no later than 5.00pm (Perth time) on Friday, 6 October 2023.
Further information about the AGM, including the Notice of AGM, will be provided to shareholders in October 2023
ENQUIRIES
Dylan Browne Company Secretary info@sovereignmetals.com |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
|
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
|
Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
|
|
Joint Brokers |
|
Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
|
Jennifer Lee |
|
|
|
Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
Appendix 3Y
Change of Director’s Interest Notice
Information or documents not available now must be given to ASX as soon as available. Information and documents given to ASX become ASX’s property and may be made public.
Introduced 30/09/01 Amended 01/01/11
Name of entity SOVEREIGN METALS LIMITED |
ABN 71 120 833 427 |
We (the entity) give ASX the following information under listing rule 3.19A.2 and as agent for the director for the purposes of section 205G of the Corporations Act.
Name of Director |
Benjamin Stoikovich |
Date of last notice |
23 November 2022 |
Part 1 – Change of director’s relevant interests in securities
In the case of a trust, this includes interests in the trust made available by the responsible entity of the trust
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (i) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Direct or indirect interest |
Direct and Indirect
|
Nature of indirect interest (including registered holder) Note: Provide details of the circumstances giving rise to the relevant interest.
|
Selwyn Capital Limited (beneficial interest)
|
Date of change |
29 September 2023 |
No. of securities held prior to change |
(a) 3,590,000 (b) 600,000 (c) 600,000 |
Class |
(a) Ordinary Fully Paid Shares (b) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 30 September 2023 (c) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 31 October 2025 expiring 31 October 2025 |
Number acquired |
(a) 600,000 |
Number disposed |
(b) (600,000) |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and estimated valuation
|
Not applicable – see nature of change below |
No. of securities held after change |
(a) 4,190,000 (b) Nil (c) 600,000 |
Nature of change Example: on-market trade, off-market trade, exercise of options, issue of securities under dividend reinvestment plan, participation in buy-back |
Conversion of Performance Rights upon satisfaction of the Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone |
Part 2 – Change of director’s interests in contracts
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (ii) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Detail of contract |
Not applicable |
Nature of interest
|
Not applicable |
Name of registered holder (if issued securities)
|
Not applicable |
Date of change |
Not applicable |
No. and class of securities to which interest related prior to change Note: Details are only required for a contract in relation to which the interest has changed
|
Not applicable |
Interest acquired |
Not applicable |
Interest disposed |
Not applicable |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and an estimated valuation
|
Not applicable |
Interest after change |
Not applicable |
Part 3 – +Closed period
Were the interests in the securities or contracts detailed above traded during a +closed period where prior written clearance was required? |
No |
If so, was prior written clearance provided to allow the trade to proceed during this period? |
Not applicable |
If prior written clearance was provided, on what date was this provided? |
Not applicable |
Initial notification/Amendment |
Initial |
LEI |
213800NSPXSASTENFQ34 |
Place of transaction |
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) |
Appendix 3Y
Change of Director’s Interest Notice
Information or documents not available now must be given to ASX as soon as available. Information and documents given to ASX become ASX’s property and may be made public.
Introduced 30/09/01 Amended 01/01/11
Name of entity SOVEREIGN METALS LIMITED |
ABN 71 120 833 427 |
We (the entity) give ASX the following information under listing rule 3.19A.2 and as agent for the director for the purposes of section 205G of the Corporations Act.
Name of Director |
Julian Stephens |
Date of last notice |
23 November 2022 |
Part 1 – Change of director’s relevant interests in securities
In the case of a trust, this includes interests in the trust made available by the responsible entity of the trust
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (i) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Direct or indirect interest |
Indirect
|
Nature of indirect interest (including registered holder) Note: Provide details of the circumstances giving rise to the relevant interest.
|
One Way Trust (beneficial interest)
|
Date of change |
29 September 2023 |
No. of securities held prior to change |
(d) 15,657,518 (e) 900,000 (f) 1,200,000 |
Class |
(d) Ordinary Fully Paid Shares (e) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 30 September 2023 (f) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 31 October 2025 |
Number acquired |
(d) 900,000 |
Number disposed |
(b) (900,000) |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and estimated valuation
|
Not applicable – see nature of change below |
No. of securities held after change |
(a) 16,557,518 (b) Nil (c) 1,200,000 |
Nature of change Example: on-market trade, off-market trade, exercise of options, issue of securities under dividend reinvestment plan, participation in buy-back |
Conversion of Performance Rights upon satisfaction of the Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone |
Part 2 – Change of director’s interests in contracts
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (ii) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Detail of contract |
Not applicable |
Nature of interest
|
Not applicable |
Name of registered holder (if issued securities)
|
Not applicable |
Date of change |
Not applicable |
No. and class of securities to which interest related prior to change Note: Details are only required for a contract in relation to which the interest has changed
|
Not applicable |
Interest acquired |
Not applicable |
Interest disposed |
Not applicable |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and an estimated valuation
|
Not applicable |
Interest after change |
Not applicable |
Part 3 – +Closed period
Were the interests in the securities or contracts detailed above traded during a +closed period where prior written clearance was required? |
No |
If so, was prior written clearance provided to allow the trade to proceed during this period? |
Not applicable |
If prior written clearance was provided, on what date was this provided? |
Not applicable |
Initial notification/Amendment |
Initial |
LEI |
213800NSPXSASTENFQ34 |
Place of transaction |
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) |
Appendix 3Y
Change of Director’s Interest Notice
Information or documents not available now must be given to ASX as soon as available. Information and documents given to ASX become ASX’s property and may be made public.
Introduced 30/09/01 Amended 01/01/11
Name of entity SOVEREIGN METALS LIMITED |
ABN 71 120 833 427 |
We (the entity) give ASX the following information under listing rule 3.19A.2 and as agent for the director for the purposes of section 205G of the Corporations Act.
Name of Director |
Nigel Jones |
Date of last notice |
23 November 2022 |
Part 1 – Change of director’s relevant interests in securities
In the case of a trust, this includes interests in the trust made available by the responsible entity of the trust
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (i) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Direct or indirect interest |
Indirect
|
Nature of indirect interest (including registered holder) Note: Provide details of the circumstances giving rise to the relevant interest.
|
Redbeck Partners Ltd (beneficial interest) |
Date of change |
29 September 2023 |
No. of securities held prior to change |
(g) Nil (h) 225,000 (i) 300,000
|
Class |
(g) Ordinary Fully Paid Shares (h) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 30 September 2023 (i) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 31 October 2025 |
Number acquired |
(e) 225,000 |
Number disposed |
(b) (225,000) |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and estimated valuation
|
Not applicable – see nature of change below |
No. of securities held after change |
(a) 225,000 (b) nil (c) 300,000
|
Nature of change Example: on-market trade, off-market trade, exercise of options, issue of securities under dividend reinvestment plan, participation in buy-back |
Conversion of Performance Rights upon satisfaction of the Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone |
Part 2 – Change of director’s interests in contracts
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (ii) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Detail of contract |
Not applicable |
Nature of interest
|
Not applicable |
Name of registered holder (if issued securities)
|
Not applicable |
Date of change |
Not applicable |
No. and class of securities to which interest related prior to change Note: Details are only required for a contract in relation to which the interest has changed
|
Not applicable |
Interest acquired |
Not applicable |
Interest disposed |
Not applicable |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and an estimated valuation
|
Not applicable |
Interest after change |
Not applicable |
Part 3 – +Closed period
Were the interests in the securities or contracts detailed above traded during a +closed period where prior written clearance was required? |
No |
If so, was prior written clearance provided to allow the trade to proceed during this period? |
Not applicable |
If prior written clearance was provided, on what date was this provided? |
Not applicable |
Initial notification/Amendment |
Initial |
LEI |
213800NSPXSASTENFQ34 |
Place of transaction |
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) |
Appendix 3Y
Change of Director’s Interest Notice
Information or documents not available now must be given to ASX as soon as available. Information and documents given to ASX become ASX’s property and may be made public.
Introduced 30/09/01 Amended 01/01/11
Name of entity SOVEREIGN METALS LIMITED |
ABN 71 120 833 427 |
We (the entity) give ASX the following information under listing rule 3.19A.2 and as agent for the director for the purposes of section 205G of the Corporations Act.
Name of Director |
Mark Pearce |
Date of last notice |
23 November 2022 |
Part 1 – Change of director’s relevant interests in securities
In the case of a trust, this includes interests in the trust made available by the responsible entity of the trust
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (i) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Direct or indirect interest |
Direct and Indirect
|
Nature of indirect interest (including registered holder) Note: Provide details of the circumstances giving rise to the relevant interest.
|
· Mr Mark Pearce and Mrs Natasha Pearce <NMLP Family A/C> (trustee and beneficial interest) · Apollo Group Pty Ltd (director and indirect shareholder) · Crystal Brook Investments Pty Ltd (director and beneficial interest)
|
Date of change |
29 September 2023 |
No. of securities held prior to change |
(a) 4,295,842 (b) 225,000 (c) 300,000 |
Class |
(a) Ordinary Fully Paid Shares (b) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 30 September 2023 (c) Unlisted Performance Rights subject to the “Definitive Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring 31 October 2025) |
Number acquired |
(a) 225,000
|
Number disposed |
(b) (225,000)
|
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and estimated valuation
|
Not applicable – see nature of change below
|
No. of securities held after change |
(a) 4,520,842 (b) Nil (c) 300,000 |
Nature of change Example: on-market trade, off-market trade, exercise of options, issue of securities under dividend reinvestment plan, participation in buy-back |
Conversion of Performance Rights upon satisfaction of the Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone |
Part 2 – Change of director’s interests in contracts
Note: In the case of a company, interests which come within paragraph (ii) of the definition of “notifiable interest of a director” should be disclosed in this part.
Detail of contract |
Not applicable |
Nature of interest |
Not applicable |
Name of registered holder (if issued securities) |
Not applicable |
Date of change |
Not applicable |
No. and class of securities to which interest related prior to change Note: Details are only required for a contract in relation to which the interest has changed
|
Not applicable |
Interest acquired |
Not applicable |
Interest disposed |
Not applicable |
Value/Consideration Note: If consideration is non-cash, provide details and an estimated valuation
|
Not applicable |
Interest after change |
Not applicable |
Part 3 – +Closed period
Were the interests in the securities or contracts detailed above traded during a +closed period where prior written clearance was required? |
No |
If so, was prior written clearance provided to allow the trade to proceed during this period? |
Not applicable |
If prior written clearance was provided, on what date was this provided? |
Not applicable |
Initial notification/Amendment |
Initial |
LEI |
213800NSPXSASTENFQ34 |
Place of transaction |
Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) |
#SVML Sovereign Metals LTD – Kasiya Pre-Feasibility Study Results
28th September 2023 / Leave a comment
PFS CONFIRMS KASIYA AS A MAJOR CRITICAL MINERALS PROJECT DELIVERING INDUSTRY-LEADING ECONOMIC RETURNS AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS
ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS
US$1,605M |
28% |
US$415M |
||
After Tax NPV8 |
After Tax IRR |
Ave. Annual EBITDA |
||
US$16Bn |
US$404/t |
US$597M |
||
Total Revenue |
Operating Cost |
Capex to 1st Production |
PFS HIGHLIGHTS
· “Market Leader” Position in Two Critical Minerals:
o Positioned to become the world’s largest rutile producer at 222kt per annum for an initial 25 year life-of-mine (LOM)
o Potentially one of the world’s largest natural graphite producers outside of China at 244kt per annum
o Natural rutile facing significant global supply deficit forecast to widen further considerably in the next 5 years1
o Natural graphite market moving into deficit as demand rapidly grows in the lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle (EV) sectors
o Initial Probable Ore Reserves declared of 538Mt, representing conversion of only 30% of the total Mineral Resource
o Substantial production rate and mine life upside exists as the PFS modelling was limited to only 25 years
· Highly Compelling Cost Profile:
o Cash operating costs of US$404/t of product will position Kasiya as the lowest cost producer of rutile and graphite globally
o Increased capital to first production from the Expanded Scoping Study, is primarily due to bringing forward capital items previously planned for Stage 2 including a rail spur, full-scale water dam, integrated power and optimised graphite production, as well as generally enhanced engineering and global cost inflation
· Industry-Redefining Environmental and Social Advantages:
o Extremely low CO2-footprint operation incorporating climate-smart attributes including hydro-mining with renewables power solution
o CO2 emissions expected to be lowest in class versus existing and planned operations and versus alternative synthetic products
o Low-impact operation with mineralisation at surface, zero-strip ratio, low reagent usage, simple process flowsheet and progressive land rehabilitation
· Strong Support from the Government of Malawi:
o Government of Malawi has applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining sector as a priority industry
o PFS demonstrates Kasiya’s potential to provide significant socio-economic benefits for Malawi including fiscal returns, job creation, skills transfer and sustainable community development initiatives
o With mining being one of the key pillars for growth under Malawi’s economic development strategy (Agriculture, Tourism, Mining – ATM Policy) and the potential for Kasiya to be a project of national significance, the Government has constituted an Inter-ministerial Project Development Committee to work alongside the Company to assist in the permitting processes
· Optimisation with Strategic Investor Rio Tinto to Commence:
o Advancing into an optimisation phase prior to moving to the Definitive Feasibility Study (DFS) with support from the Company’s strategic investor, Rio Tinto
o Formal establishment of the Technical Committee with Rio Tinto
Managing Director, Dr Julian Stephens commented: “The release of the Kasiya PFS marks another important step towards unlocking a major source of two critical minerals required to decarbonise global supply chains and to achieve Net-Zero.
The Project benefits from existing high-quality infrastructure and inherent ESG advantages. Natural rutile has a far lower carbon footprint compared to other titanium feedstocks used in the pigment industry, and natural graphite is a key component in lithium-ion batteries – crucial to de-carbonising the global economy.
The high-quality of work completed and the results of the PFS demonstrates that Kasiya is a globally significant project that has the potential to deliver a valuable long-term source of low-CO2 products and generate substantial economic returns with a forecast average EBITDA of US$415 Million per annum for the initial 25 years modelled. The Project is well positioned to be a large scale, multi-generational asset with significant opportunity for further upside as only 30% of the current mineral resource (MRE) is utilised in the PFS model.
Kasiya’s compelling economics demonstrate the potential for industry-leading returns, even against the backdrop of global cost inflation.
The Company is looking forward to conducting an optimisation review in collaboration with new strategic investor, Rio Tinto and progressing to the Definitive Feasibility Study.”
ENQUIRIES
Dr Julian Stephens (Perth) +61(8) 9322 6322 |
Sam Cordin (Perth) |
Sapan Ghai (London) |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
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SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
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Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
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Joint Brokers |
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Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
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Jennifer Lee |
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Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
To view the announcement in full, please refer to the announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
The information contained within this announcement is deemed by the Company to constitute inside information as stipulated under the Market Abuse Regulations (EU) No. 596/2014 as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (‘MAR’). Upon the publication of this announcement via Regulatory Information Service (‘RIS’), this inside information is now considered to be in the public domain.
Source:
1. TZ Minerals International Pty Ltd (TZMI)
KASIYA PFS OUTCOMES
Sovereign Metals Limited (the Company or Sovereign) is pleased to announce the results of the Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS or Study) for the Company’s Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project (Kasiya or the Project) in Malawi.
The PFS confirmed Kasiya as potentially a major critical minerals project with an extremely low CO2-footprint delivering major volumes of natural rutile and graphite while generating significant economic returns.
The PFS is an Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering International (AACEI) Class 3 estimate with an accuracy of -20% and +25%.
Table 1: Key Outcomes |
||||
Outcome |
|
Unit |
Kasiya |
|
NPV8 (real post-tax) |
US$ |
US$1,605M |
||
NPV10 (real post-tax) |
US$ |
US$1,205M |
||
IRR (post-tax) |
% |
28% |
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Capital Costs to First Production (Stage 1) |
US$ |
US$597M |
||
Expansion Capital (Stage 2) |
US$ |
US$287M |
||
Plant relocation |
US$ |
US$366M |
||
Operating Costs |
US$/t mined |
US$8.74 |
||
Operating Costs |
US$/t product |
US$404 |
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Revenue to Cost Ratio |
X |
2.8 |
||
NPV8 / Capital Costs to First Production |
X |
2.7 |
||
Throughput (Average LOM) |
Mtpa |
21.5 |
||
Modelled Life |
years |
25 |
||
Annual Production (Average LOM) – rutile |
ktpa |
222 |
||
Annual Production (Average LOM) – graphite |
ktpa |
244 |
||
Total Revenue (LOM) |
US$ |
US$16,121M |
||
Annual Revenue (Average LOM) |
US$ |
US$645M |
||
Annual EBITDA (Average LOM) |
US$/year |
US$415M |
||
Payback – from start of production |
years |
4.3 years |
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LARGE-SCALE, LONG-LIFE AND HIGH-MARGIN OPERATION
Kasiya, located in central Malawi, is the largest natural rutile deposit and second largest flake graphite deposit in the world. Sovereign is aiming to develop a low-CO2 and sustainable operation to supply highly sought-after natural rutile and graphite to global markets.
Kasiya has a geological benefit with both natural graphite and rutile hosted in soft, friable saprolite material at surface that can be mined, beneficiated, and purified with a considerably lower carbon footprint than hard-rock operations or synthetic graphite and synthetic rutile production.
Figure 1: High-level schematic of the planned Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project
The proposed large-scale operation will process 24 million tonnes of ore per annum to produce approximately 245kt of natural rutile and 288kt of natural graphite per annum once at steady state.
The rutile-graphite rich mineralisation will be extracted from surface utilising cost-effective hydro-mining to depths averaging 15m. Ore is transported as slurry via a pumping network to a Wet Concentration Plant (WCP) where a low-energy requirement, chemical-free process produces a Heavy Mineral Concentrate (HMC). The HMC is transferred to the dry Mineral Separation Plant (MSP) where premium quality rutile (+95% TiO2) is produced via electrostatic and magnetic separation.
Graphite rich concentrate is collected from the gravity spirals and processed in a separate graphite flotation plant, producing a high purity, high crystallinity and high value coarse-flake graphite product.
The Project has excellent surrounding infrastructure including sealed roads, a high-quality rail line connecting to the deep-water port of Nacala on the Indian Ocean and hydro-sourced grid power. For the duration of the operation, rutile and graphite products will be railed directly from a purpose-built rail dry port at the mine site eastward via the Nacala Logistics Corridor (NLC) to the port of Nacala.
Based on the build-out strategy, the operation will commence in the southern section of the Ore Reserve with a 12Mtpa throughput plant which will be expanded from Year 6 to increase the throughput to 24Mtpa. As the southern mineralisation is exhausted, a new plant will be constructed in the north and the second stage WCP moved in order to continue to support 24Mtpa throughput.
CRITICAL RAW MATERIALS
Both rutile and graphite are critical to the world economy as well as crucial to decarbonisation solutions required to meet “Net-Zero” and other targets set by policymakers. Titanium and natural graphite have been classified as critical raw materials by the US and EU due to a combination of their scarceness and China-controlled supply chains.
Current sources of natural rutile are in decline as several operations’ reserves are depleting concurrently with declining ore grades. These include Sierra Rutile’s (SRL) Mine Area 1 in Sierra Leone and Base Resources’ Kwale operations in Kenya.
Global rutile supply is projected to decline sharply beyond 2023, following the scheduled closures of Base Resource’s Kwale and SRL operations unless mine life extension is approved (Source: TZ Minerals International Pty Ltd (TZMI). There are limited new deposits forecast to come online, and hence supply of natural rutile is likely to remain in structural deficit for the long term, even with Kasiya at full production.
Figure 2: Previous and forecast global natural rutile supply 2018-2033
*Supply profile only reflects existing operations
(source: TZMI)
Demand for high quality flake graphite and natural rutile is growing due to global decarbonisation requirements and current and future predicted supply deficits. Per Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, the demand for anodes grew by 46% in 2022 compared to only 14% growth in natural flake graphite supply.
Figure 3: Graphite demand / supply showing market deficit beginning 2024E
Source: Macquarie Research (March 2023)
LOW-COST OPERATION
Kasiya’s low operating costs are achieved through deposit size and grade, zero strip ratio from surface, location and excellent existing operational infrastructure. Kasiya is strategically located in close proximity to Malawi’s capital city Lilongwe, providing access to a skilled workforce and industrial services.
Products will be exported to global markets via the deep water port of Nacala along the existing Nacala Logistics Rail Corridor (NLC). This existing infrastructure provides significant capital cost savings for Kasiya compared to many other undeveloped minerals projects.
Kasiya has an average life-of-mine FOB (Nacala) operating cost of US$404 per tonne of product produced (rutile plus graphite).
One of the highest Revenue : Cost of Sales Ratios in the Mineral Sands Industry
The revenue-to-cash cost ratio of 2.8x positions Kasiya in the first quartile compared to other undeveloped mineral sands operations. The production of high value natural rutile and graphite delivers strong cashflows with a cash margin of over 64% for the life of the operation.
The Study has applied conservative pricing assumptions for both products which still results in a strong position on the revenue to cost ratio metric. This supports the robustness of the Kasiya operation and its strong profitability during different pricing environments and the revenue stability of two different products with different demand drivers.
Figure 4: Revenue to cost ratio of Kasiya and other selected mineral sands projects
Lowest Cost Flake Graphite Project in the World
Graphite is produced at Kasiya via obtaining a graphite rich concentrate from the gravity spirals as part of the rutile processing. The graphite rich concentrate is then processed in a separate standard graphite flotation plant, producing a high purity, high crystallinity and high value coarse-flake graphite product.
On an incremental cost basis reflecting graphite production as a co-product to primary rutile production, the operating cost is US$182 per tonne of graphite produced (FOB Nacala).
Figure 5: Actual and forecast graphite production (non-Chinese)
LOW CO2 ADVANTAGE
Kasiya has the potential to provide two products that both have very favourable low carbon in-use advantages. Benchmark Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies for natural rutile and natural graphite produced from Kasiya* have the potential for a substantially reduced carbon footprint compared to other titanium feedstocks and natural graphite products in the market.
Natural rutile (~95% TiO2) is the cleanest, purest natural mineral form of TiO2 with the other major source being ilmenite (~50% TiO2). The genuine scarcity of natural rutile prompted the titanium industry to develop upgraded titanium feedstock products from ilmenite that can be used as substitutes for natural rutile (i.e. synthetic rutile and titania slag).
Two energy and carbon intensive processes are used by major market participants to produce the upgraded synthetic rutile and titania slag. Both methods use ilmenite (~FeTiO3) as the raw feedstock and are essentially processes for the removal of iron oxide. The downstream pigment production process relies heavily on the use of these upgraded titanium feedstocks, each having an associated substantial environmental impact.
Figure 6: Natural rutile versus synthetic rutile and titania slag flowchart
Natural rutile produced at Kasiya has a fraction of the GWP of the alternative feedstocks. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) for natural rutile concentrate from Kasiya (0.1 t CO2e per tonne) is significantly lower than producing titania slag in South Africa (2.0 t CO2e per tonne) and producing synthetic rutile via the Becher process in Australia (3.3 t CO2e per tonne).
The Scope 1 and 2 emissions comparing the carbon footprint of these three production routes are shown in Figure 6. The higher GWP for synthetic rutile is mainly due to the use of coal and other reagents for the upgrading of lower grade ilmenite to the final synthetic rutile feedstock product.
* LCA conducted on inputs from the Expanded Scoping Study released July 2022.
Figure 7: GWP impact of natural rutile production from Kasiya as a titanium feedstock vs. alternatives
(Source: Minviro)
Kasiya has the lowest GWP compared with currently known and planned future natural graphite projects:
· Up to 60% lower than currently reported GWP of graphite producers and developers, including suppliers to Tesla Inc.
· 3x less polluting than proposed Tanzanian natural graphite production from hard rock sources
· 6x less polluting than current Chinese natural graphite production which accounts for up to 80% of current global graphite supply
Figure 8: Global Warming Potential per tonne of graphite product (CO2e/t)
(Note: All figures are cradle-to-gate except for Syrah Resources which includes transportation to the port of Nacala; transportation of Kasiya’s graphite to the port of Nacala would add an estimated incremental 0.04CO2e to its GWP)
Industry’s interaction with supply chain participants indicates the progression towards higher proportions of natural graphite used in battery anodes will be supported by its lower cost and superior environmental credentials. The environmental footprint of EVs will become an increasingly important market consideration as EV penetration accelerates, noting that synthetic graphite has a carbon footprint orders of magnitude higher than flake graphite because it is made from needle coke produced from oil and coal refining via energy intensive processes.
Leading EV producer Tesla Inc.’s (Tesla) “Master Plan 3” outlines its proposed path to reach a sustainable global energy economy through end-use electrification and sustainable electricity generation and storage. In the plan, Tesla suggests that the world would need to produce 10.5Mt of graphite per year and estimates US$104 Billion of new graphite mining investment is required to achieve its target (source: Tesla Master Plan 3 (April 2023)).
STRONG GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
The Malawian government identifies mining as one of the sectors that could potentially generate economic growth for the country. The country has several significant mineral resources that could be sustainably mined to contribute to Malawi’s economic goals.
Kasiya has the potential to deliver significant social and economic benefits for Malawi including fiscal returns, job creation, skills transfer and sustainable community development initiatives.
The Government of Malawi strongly supports Sovereign and its development of the Kasiya project. Malawi’s Minister of Mines and Minerals, The Honourable Monica Chang’anamuno, recently publicly applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining industry as promoted in the Malawi Vision 2063, which isolates mining as a priority industry.
With mining being one of the key pillars for growth under Malawi’s economic development strategy (Agriculture, Tourism, Mining – ATM Policy) and the potential for Kasiya to be a project of national significance, the Government has constituted an Inter-ministerial Project Development Committee to work alongside the Company to assist in the permitting processes.
INVESTMENT BY RIO TINTO
In July 2023, Rio Tinto made an investment in Sovereign resulting in an initial 15% shareholding and options expiring within 12 months of initial investment to increase their position to 19.99%. Under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto will provide assistance and advice on technical and marketing aspects of Kasiya including with respect to Sovereign’s graphite co-product, with a primary focus on spherical purified graphite for the lithium-ion battery anode market.
The Company is planning to commence optimisation phase prior to advancing to the DFS. Sovereign is soon to establish a Technical Committee and commence the working relationship with Rio Tinto after the publication of this Study.
DISCLOSURES, DISCLAIMERS, MODIFYING FACTORS & SOURCES
DISCLOSURES & DISCLAIMERS
Competent Person Statements
The information in this announcement that relates to Production Targets and Ore Reserves is based on and fairly represents information provided by Mr Ross Cheyne, a Competent Person, who is a Fellow Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Cheyne is employed by Orelogy Consulting Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Cheyne has sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration, and to the activity he is undertaking, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Cheyne consents to the inclusion in the Announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this announcement that relates to Processing, Infrastructure and Capital and Operating Costs is based on and fairly represents information compiled or reviewed by Mr Tomasz Tomicki, a Competent Person, who is a Fellow Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Tomicki is employed by DRA Pacific Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Tomicki has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activities undertaken. Mr Tomicki, consents to the inclusion in the Announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this announcement that relates to Metallurgy – rutile is based on and fairly represents information compiled or reviewed by Mr Tomasz Tomicki, a Competent Person, who is a Fellow Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Tomicki is employed by DRA Pacific Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Tomicki has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activities undertaken. Mr Tomicki, consents to the inclusion in the Announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this announcement that relates to Metallurgy – graphite is based on and fairly represents information compiled or reviewed by Mr John Fleay, a Competent Person, who is a Fellow Member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Fleay is employed by DRA Pacific Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Fleay has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activities undertaken. Mr Fleay, consents to the inclusion in the Announcement of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this announcement that relates to the Mineral Resource Estimate is extracted from the announcement entitled ‘Kasiya Indicated Resource Increased by over 80%’ dated 5 April 2023 and is based on, and fairly represents information compiled by Mr Richard Stockwell, a Competent Person, who is a fellow of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG). Mr Stockwell is a principal of Placer Consulting Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. The original announcement is available to view on www.sovereignmetals.com.au. Sovereign confirms that a) it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original announcement; b) all material assumptions included in the original announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed; and c) the form and context in which the relevant Competent Persons’ findings are presented in this announcement have not been materially changed from the original announcement.
Forward Looking Statement
This release may include forward-looking statements, which may be identified by words such as “expects”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “projects”, “plans”, and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on Sovereign’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events. Forward looking statements are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside the control of Sovereign, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be correct. Sovereign makes no undertaking to subsequently update or revise the forward-looking statements made in this release, to reflect the circumstances or events after the date of that release.
Qualified Person
Information disclosed in this announcement has been reviewed by Dr Julian Stephens (B.Sc (Hons), PhD, MAIG), Managing Director, a Qualified Person for the purposes of the AIM Rules for Companies.
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ASSUMPTIONS
Material assumptions used in the estimation of the production target and associated financial information are set out in the following table.
Table 2: Assumptions |
|
Assumption |
Input |
Maximum accuracy variation – Capital costs |
-20%/+25% |
Maximum accuracy variation – Operating costs |
-20%/+25% |
Minimum LoM |
25 years |
Annual average throughput (tonnes) – Stage 1 |
12,000,000 |
Annual average throughput (tonnes) – Stage 2 |
24,000,000 |
Annual throughput (tonnes) – LoM average |
21,600,000 |
Head grade – rutile |
1.03% |
Recovery – rutile |
100% |
Product grade (TiO2) – rutile |
96% |
Head grade – graphite |
1.66% |
Recovery – graphite |
67.5% |
Product grade (TGC) – graphite |
96% |
Annual production (average LoM) – rutile (tonnes) |
222,000 |
Annual production (average LoM) – graphite (tonnes) |
244,000 |
USD:AUD |
0.67 |
USD:MWK |
0.0010 |
USD:ZAR |
0.0549 |
Sales Price – rutile (average LoM) |
US$1,484/t |
Sales Price – graphite (average LoM) |
US$1,290/t |
Government Royalty |
5% of gross revenue |
Vendor Royalty |
2% of gross profit |
Community Development Fund |
0.45% of gross revenue |
Stage 1 Capital |
US$572m |
Stage 2 Capital (expansion to 24Mtpa) |
US$287m |
Plant Relocation |
US$366m |
Sustaining Capital |
US$470m |
Operating Costs including royalties (LoM) – FOB Nacala |
US$404/t |
Corporate Tax Rate |
30% |
Rent Resource Tax (RRT) |
15% after-profits |
Discount Rate |
8% |
ORE RESERVE STATEMENT
Orelogy Consulting Pty Ltd (Orelogy) was responsible for the mine planning component of the PFS for Kasiya. As such Orelogy have developed an Ore Reserve estimate for Kasiya in accordance with the guidelines of the JORC Code 2012.
The Kasiya MRE released by Sovereign in on 5 April 2023 was used as the basis for the PFS Ore Reserve estimate. Mineral Resources were converted to Ore Reserves in line with the material classifications which reflect the level of confidence within the resource estimate. The Ore Reserve reflects that portion of the Mineral Resource which can be economically extracted by open pits utilising a combination of hydro mining and bulldozer methodologies. The Ore Reserve considers the modifying factors and other parameters detailed in the relevant sections of the PFS report, including but not limited to the mining, metallurgical, social, environmental, approvals, tenure, statutory and financial aspects of the project.
In line with the JORC 2012 guidelines, the Kasiya Probable Ore Reserve is based on Indicated classified Mineral Resources. There is no Measured classified Mineral Resource at Kasiya and consequently no Proved Ore Reserve.
The reported MRE is inclusive of the Ore Reserve.
The Ore Reserve includes an allowance for mining dilution and ore loss on the basis that all material within the shell is classified and extracted as ore.
The open pit geometries developed for the purposes of mine planning, and which define the subsequent Ore Reserve, are based on Whittle pit shells edited to comply with practical mining requirements and identified exclusion zones.
The information that relates to Ore Reserves was compiled by Mr Ross Cheyne of Orelogy who takes overall responsibility for the Ore Reserve as Competent Person (see Competent Persons Statement above). Mr Cheyne is a Fellow of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and has sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration, and to the activity he is undertaking, to qualify as Competent Person in terms of the JORC (2012 Edition).
A site visit was undertaken by Mr Ryan Locke in, a Principal Consultant with Orelogy, as a nominated representative of the Competent Person.
The Ore Reserve estimate is summarised in Table 3 below, along with the associated cut-off grade used to define the shell.
Table 3: Ore Reserve for the Kasiya Deposit as of September 2023 |
|||||
Classification |
Tonnes |
Rutile Grade |
Contained Rutile |
Graphite Grade (TGC) (%) |
Contained Graphite |
Proved |
– |
– |
– |
– |
– |
Probable |
538 |
1.03% |
5.5 |
1.66% |
8.9 |
Total |
538 |
1.03% |
5.5 |
1.66% |
8.9 |
Pit Optimisation
An open pit optimisation utilising Whittle™ software was carried out on the Kasiya deposit using Indicated Mineral Resources only (in line with the JORC 2012 guidelines). The latest parameters available were used to determine the economic extent of the open pit excavation. The process plant production parameters were supplied by Sovereign with an initial rate of 12Mtpa and a ramp up in production from years 5 – 7 to annual rate of 24Mtpa.
The intention to hydro-mine the majority of the defined Ore Reserve means that there is no ability to selectively mine and all material will be extracted and sent as plant feed. Therefore, all material within the “shell” will be extracted and fed to the plant as ore and any interstitial waste and/or sub-economic grade material will be likewise treated as diluent material. However, due to the relatively homogenous and continuous nature the orebody, the quantities of this material will be relatively small and therefore a simple 5% dilution was applied within the Whittle™ tool.
For the production schedule on which the Ore Reserve is based all material within the shell was treated as “ore” to ensure the appropriate dilution was captured.
Mineable Pit Geometries
Based on the cut-off grades applied the mining areas was further interrogated to determine the potential recoverable mining inventory. The interrogation process applied the following constraints to determine the bulk mining boundaries:
· A minimum depth of 5m for the hydro mining method.
· Removal of any small, isolated pits.
· Pit extents limited to mineable areas and to remain outside of identified exclusion areas wherever reasonably possible. Sovereign identified all local village areas and areas of cultural or environmental significance within the potential mining envelope that should not be disturbed during the mining phase of the Project.
MODIFYING FACTORS
The Modifying Factors included in the JORC Code (2012) have been assessed as part of the Pre-Feasibility Study, including mining, processing, metallurgical, infrastructure, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and government factors. The Company has received advice from appropriate experts when assessing each Modifying Factor.
A summary assessment of each relevant Modifying Factor is provided below.
Mining – refer to section entitled ‘Mining’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
The Company engaged independent consultants, Orelogy and Fraser Alexander to carry out the pit optimisations, mine design, scheduling, mining cost estimation and Ore Reserves for the Study. The proposed mining method is hydro mining with minor bulldozer assistance. This is considered appropriate for this style of shallow, soft and friable saprolite-hosted rutile and graphite mineralisation. This methodology is used across numerous mineral sands operations, particularly in Africa, and is well suited for this style of mineralisation.
Metallurgy and Processing – refer to section entitled ‘Metallurgy and Process Design’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
Rutile
The Company completed bulk rutile testwork programs at the globally recognised AML in Perth, Australia. The latest program was supervised by Sovereign’s Head of Development, Paul Marcos. Mr Marcos is a metallurgist and process engineer and a mineral sands industry veteran. Bulk test-work programs have confirmed premium grade rutile can be produced via a simple and conventional process flow sheet.
Processing engineering was completed by DRA Global who developed the process plant design and associated cost estimate for the Study. An average product grade of 96% TiO2 and 100% recovery to product factor has been applied.
Graphite
The Company has conducted graphite testwork across ALS Laboratory in Perth and SGS Lakefield in Canada. Veteran graphite metallurgist Oliver Peters, MSc, P.Eng., MBA (Consulting Metallurgist for SGS and Principal Metallurgist of Metpro Management Inc.) was engaged to supervise and consult on the testwork programs. Mr Peters has over 25 years’ experience in metallurgy on graphite and other commodities. He has operated numerous graphite pilot plants and commissioned a number of full-scale processing facilities.
DRA’s Senior Engineer, Stewart Calder and Manager Metallurgy, John Fleay supervised and advised on sample selection, testwork scope and results from the latest testwork programs. Both consultants are considered to have the appropriate capabilities and similarities with the material and the early stage of the project.
Processing engineering was completed by DRA Global who developed the process plant design and associated cost estimates for the PFS. Overall average graphite recovery applied in the model was 67.5%. Gravity recovery ranges between 73.6% to 86.2%, averaging 77.9% and flotation plant recovery ranges between 89.2% and 96.1%, averaging 91.4%. Total Graphite (TGC) recovery average is 72.5%. Overall concentrate grades average 96% C(t) with over 57% of the graphite flake product being larger than 180µm.
Rutile & Graphite
It is acknowledged that laboratory scale test-work will not always represent actual results achieved from a production plant in terms of grade, chemistry, sizing and recovery. Further test-work will be required to gain additional confidence on specifications and recoveries that will be achieved at full-scale production.
Overall, the process flow-sheet is conventional for both rutile and graphite with no novel features or equipment incorporated.
Infrastructure – refer to sections entitled ‘Infrastructure’, and ‘Transport and Logistics’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
Kasiya is located approximately 40km northwest of Lilongwe, Malawi’s capital, and boasts excellent access to services and infrastructure. The proximity to Lilongwe gives the project a number of benefits, including access to a large pool of professionals and skilled tradespeople, as well as industrial services.
The Company appointed JCM to design a preliminary IPP solution for Kasiya. JCM is a Canada-headquartered IPP which develops, constructs, owns and operates renewable energy and storage projects in emerging markets across the globe. JCM provided an estimated, levelized cost of energy (LOCE) on a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA).
Logistics cost estimates, including rail and port infrastructure and handling, were provided by Thelo DB, Nacala Logistics and Grindrod based on market data, suppliers’ quotations, industry databases, industry contacts and consultants’ existing knowledge of southern African transport infrastructure and freight markets. All consultants are independent with substantial experience in the management of transport logistics studies in southern Africa.
Marketing – refer to sections entitled ‘Marketing Strategy’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
Rutile
The Company engaged market leading TZMI to provide a bespoke marketing report to support the Study. TZMI is a global, independent consulting and publishing company specialising in technical, strategic and commercial analyses of the opaque (non-terminal market) mineral, chemical and metal sectors.
TZMI’s assessment has confirmed that, based upon their high-level view on global demand and supply forecasts for natural rutile, and with reference to the specific attributes of Kasiya, there is a reasonable expectation that the product will be able to be sold into existing and future rutile markets.
Given the premium specifications of Kasiya’s natural rutile, the product should be suitable for all major natural end-use markets including TiO2 pigment feedstock, titanium metal and welding sectors.
In July 2023, Rio Tinto made an investment in Sovereign resulting in an initial 15% shareholding and options expiring within 12 months of initial investment to increase their position to 19.99%. Under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto will provide assistance and advice on technical and marketing aspects of Kasiya. Also, included under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto has the option to become the operator of Kasiya on commercial arm’s-length terms.
In the event, Rio Tinto elect to be the operator of the Project and for so long as Rio Tinto remain the operator, Rio Tinto shall have exclusive marketing rights to market 40% of the annual production of all products from the Project as identified in the DFS on arm’s-length terms.
Rio Tinto’s option over operatorship and 40% marketing rights lapse if not exercised by the earlier of (i) 90 days after the Company announces its DFS results or 180 days after the announcement of the DFS if Rio Tinto’s advises it needs additional time to consider the exercise of the Rio Tinto’s Option or (ii) Rio Tinto ceasing to hold voting power in the Company of at least 10%.
Graphite
The Company engaged Fastmarkets, a specialist international publisher and information provider for the global steel, non-ferrous and industrial minerals markets, to prepare a marketing report for graphite.
Fastmarkets’ assessment has confirmed that based upon their high-level view on global demand and supply forecasts for natural flake graphite, and with reference to the specific attributes of Sovereign’s projects, there is a reasonable expectation that the product from Sovereign’s projects will be able to be sold into existing and future graphite markets. Given the extremely low-cost profile and high-quality product, it is expected that output from Kasiya will be able to fill new demand or substitute existing lower quality / higher cost supply.
Project considerations taken by Fastmarkets in forming an opinion about the marketability of product include:
– Low capital costs (incremental)
– Low operating costs
– High quality concentrate specifications
Industry participants confirm that the highest value graphite concentrates remain the large, jumbo and super-jumbo flake fractions, primarily used in industrial applications such as refractories, foundries and expandable products. These sectors currently make up the significant majority of total global natural flake graphite market by value.
Fastmarkets have formed their opinion based solely upon project information provided by Sovereign Metals to Fastmarkets and have not conducted any independent analysis or due diligence on the information provided.
As noted above, Rio Tinto recently made an investment in Sovereign. The Company and Rio Tinto will work together to qualify Kasiya’s graphite product with a particular focus on supplying the spherical purified graphite segment of the lithium-ion battery anode market. Rio Tinto has set up a battery materials business in 2021, including its recently announced plans to set up a battery testing plant in Melbourne, Australia.
Economic – also refer to sections entitled ‘Cost Estimations’ and ‘Financial & Economic Analysis’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
Capital estimates for the procress plant have been prepared by DRA global, together with input from the Company and other contributing consultants using combinations of cost estimates from suppliers, historical data, benchmarks and other independent sources. The accuracy of the initial capital cost estimate for the Project is ±20%.
Capital costs include the cost of all services, direct costs, contractor indirects, EPCM expenses, non-process infrastructure, sustaining capital and other facilities used for the mine. Capital costs make provision for mitigation expenses and mine closure and environmental costs.
Working capital requirements (including contingency) for plant commissioning and full ramp-up have been included in the headline capital estimate reported under construction, owner’s and start-up costs.
Mining costs have been estimated by Fraser Alexander, a regional leader in hydro-mining and materials handling. Mining costs have been built up from first principles based on equipment, vendor, and contractor quotations, local unit cost rates, and benchmarked costs.
Labor costs have been developed based on a first-principles build-up of staffing requirements with labour rates benchmarked in Malawi and expatriate rates benchmarked for professionals from South Africa and other jurisdictions.
A Government royalty of 5% (applied to revenue) and a vendor profit share of 2% (applied to gross profit) has been included in all project economics. A 0.45% royalty (applied to revenue) has been applied for the community development fund.
Rehabilitation and mine closure costs are included within the reported operating cost and sustaining capital figures.
A detailed financial model and discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis has been prepared by the Company in order to demonstrate the economic viability of the Project. The financial model and DCF were modelled with conservative inputs to provide management with a baseline valuation of the Project.
The DCF analysis demonstrated compelling economics of the prospective Project, with an NPV (ungeared, after-tax, at an 8% discount rate) of US$1,605 million, and an (ungeared) IRR of 28%.
Sensitivity analysis was performed on all key assumptions used. The robust project economics insulate the Kasiya Project from variation in market pricing, capital expense, or operating expenses. With a rutile and graphite concentrate price 30% lower than the PFS prices the Project still displays a positive NPV (ungeared, after-tax, 8% discount rate) of US$636 million and IRR of 17%.
Payback period for the Project is 4.3 years from the start of production. The payback period is based on free-cash flow, after taxes.
Sovereign estimates the total capital cost to construct the mine to be US$597m (which includes a contingency of 17% of direct and indirect costs).
Key parameters are disclosed in the body of the announcement, and include:
– Life of Mine: 25 years
– Discount rate: 8%
– Tax rate: 30%
– Resource Rent Tax (RRT) of 15% after tax profit
– Royalty rate: 5% royalty (Government), 2% of gross profit (Original Project Vendor) and 0.45% Community Development Fund.
– Pricing: Rutile average price of US$1,484 per tonne and Graphite average basket price of US$1,290 per tonne
The financial model has been prepared internally by the Company using inputs from the various expert consultants and has been reviewed by BDO Australia – Perth, an independent leading accountancy, tax and advisory services firm to validate the functionality and accuracy of the model.
The Company engaged the services of advisory firm, Argonaut PCF Limited (Argonaut), with regards to project economics. Argonaut is a financial advisory firm which specialises in multiple sectors, including metals and oil & gas. Argonaut is well regarded as a specialist capital markets service provider and has raised project development funding for companies across a range of commodities including the industrial and speciality minerals sector. Following the assessment of a number of key criteria, Argonaut has confirmed that, on the basis that a DFS arrives at a result that is not materially negatively different than the PFS as noted above, all in-country government and regulatory approvals are received, commercial offtake agreements are in place for the majority of rutile and graphite production for at least the first five years of mine life, and that there has not been any material adverse change in financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects of the Company/or political and business environment in Malawi and/or financial or capital markets in general, Sovereign should be able to raise sufficient funding to develop the Project.
In July 2023, Rio Tinto made an investment in Sovereign resulting in an initial 15% shareholding and options expiring within 12 months of initial investment to increase their position to 19.99%. Under the Investment Agreement, is has been agreed with Rio Tinto that if Sovereign is raising debt finance for the development of the Project, Sovereign and Rio Tinto will negotiate, in good faith, financing arrangements in order to put in place an acceptable mine construction funding package.
Since initial exploration of the Kasiya Project in November 2019, the Company has completed extensive drilling, sampling, metallurgical test-work, geological modelling and defined an Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Estimate. Over this period, with these key milestones being attained and the Project de-risked, the Company’s market capitalisation has increased from approximately A$18m to over A$236m. As the Project continues to achieve key milestones, which can also be significant de-risking events, the Company’s share price could be anticipated to increase.
The Company is debt free and is in a strong financial position, with approximately A$45m cash on hand (31 August 2023). The current financial position means the Company is soundly funded to continue into a DFS phase to further develop the Project.
In July and August 2023, Rio Tinto invested $40.6m to become a strategic investor of the Company. The investment proceeds will be used to advance Kasiya and represents a significant step towards unlocking the Project for a major new supply of low-CO2-footprint natural rutile and flake graphite. Under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto will provide assistance and advice on technical and marketing aspects of Kasiya including with respect to Sovereign’s graphite co-product, with a primary focus on spherical purified graphite for the lithium-ion battery anode market.
The Company’s shares are listed on the ASX and AIM which are premier markets for growth companies and provides increased access to capital from institutional and retailed investors in Australia and the UK.
Sovereign has an experienced and high-quality Board and management team comprising highly respected resource executives with extensive technical, financial, commercial and capital markets experience. The directors have previously raised more than A$2bn from capital markets for a number of exploration and development companies.
As a result, the Board has a high level of confidence that the Project will be able to secure funding in due course, having particular regard to:
1. Required capital expenditure;
2. Sovereign’s strategic partner relationship with Rio Tinto;
3. Sovereign’s market capitalisation;
4. Recent funding activities by directors in respect of other resource projects;
5. Recently completed funding arrangements for similar or larger scale development projects;
6. The range of potential funding options available;
7. The favourable key metrics generated by the Kasiya Project;
8. Ongoing discussions for potential offtake agreements; and
9. Investor interest to date.
Environmental, Social, Legal and Governmental – refer to section entitled ‘Environmental & Social Impact’ in the full Announcement at http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
Sovereign is committed to conduct its activities in full compliance to the requirements of national regulations, its obligations under international conventions and treaties and giving due consideration to international best practices and policies. The Company has appointed an experienced environmental consultant to manage the ESIA process, and environmental and social baseline studies have commenced with appropriately qualified independent experts. The Company has also completed a high-level risk assessment to identify major environmental and social risks which could affect the development of the Project, along with mitigating strategies to allow identified risks to be addressed early in the project design phase.
The Company has embarked on several community engagement exercises in the area and there is a general positive acceptance of the Project. Social responsibility/RAP costs totalling US$92m have been included in this Study, as well as a 0.45% revenue royalty for the community development fund.
Based on the current assessments and commenced ESIA, the Company believes there are no environmental issues currently identified that cannot be appropriately mitigated in accordance with standard practices adopted for the development of mining projects.
Subject to further positive technical studies, Sovereign intends to apply for a ML to secure mineral deposits for mining. Under the Mines Act there are certain requirements, milestones and approvals required prior to submission of a ML application. At this point of Kasiya’s development, the Company notes no known issues or impediments obtaining a ML under normal course of business.
Under the current Mines Act, The Government of Malawi shall have the right, but not the obligation, to acquire, directly or through a Government nominee, without cost, a free equity ownership interest of up to ten percent (10%) in any mining project that will be subject to a large-scale mining licence (>5Mt mined per annum or >US$250m Capex).
As previously noted by the Company, the Government of Malawi has proposed a new Mines and Minerals Bill (2023) (New Bill) which has been passed by the Malawian Parliament and received Presidential Assent, though awaits publication in the Malawi Gazette before coming into force. If approved, the New Bill will replace the current Mines Act. The New Bill introduces amendments to improve transparency and governance of the mining industry in Malawi. Sovereign notes the following updates in the New Bill which may affect the Company in the future: (i) ELs may be granted for an initial period of 5 years with the ability to extend by 3 years on two occasions (total 11 years); (ii) the Malawian Government maintains a right to free equity ownership (as discussed above) for large-scale mining licences but the New Bill proposes to remove the free government equity ownership percentage with the right to be a negotiation matter; and (iii) A new Mining and Regulatory Authority will be responsible for implementing the objectives of the New Bill.
In a Press Release issued on 20 July 2023, the Government of Malawi has publicly applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining industry as promoted in the Malawi Vision 2063, which identifies mining as a priority industry.
The Government’s statement confirms its commitment to ensuring the growth of the mining sector through deliberate initiatives aiming at establishing a conducive investment environment in the sector.
APPENDIX 1 – JORC CODE, 2012 EDITION – TABLE 1
SECTION 1 – SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA
Criteria |
JORC Code explanation |
Commentary |
Sampling Techniques |
Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
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Hand Auger (HA) samples are composited based on regolith boundaries and sample chemistry generated by hand-held XRF (pXRF). Each 1m of sample is dried and riffle-split to generate a total sample weight of 3kg for analysis, generally at 2 – 5m intervals. This primary sample is then split again to create a 3kg composite to provide a 1.5kg sample for both rutile and graphite analyses. Infill Push-Tube (PT) core drilling is sampled routinely at 2m intervals by compositing dried and riffle-split half core. A consistent, 1.5kg sample is generated for both the rutile and graphite determination. Air-Core (AC) samples are composited based on expertly logged regolith boundaries. Each 1m of sample is dried and riffle-split to generate a total sample weight of 3kg for analysis, generally at 2m intervals. This primary sample is then split again to provide a 1.5kg sample for both rutile and graphite analyses. |
Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used.
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Drilling and sampling activities are supervised by a suitably qualified company geologist who is present at all times. All drill samples are geologically logged by the geologist at the drill site/core yard. Each sample is sun dried and homogenised. Sub-samples are carefully riffle split to ensure representivity. The 1.5kg composite samples are then processed. An equivalent mass is taken from each sample to make up the composite. A calibration schedule is in place for laboratory scales, sieves and field XRF equipment. Placer Consulting Pty Ltd (Placer) Resource Geologists have reviewed Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the collection and processing of drill samples and found them to be fit for purpose and support the resource classifications as applied to the Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE). The primary composite sample is considered representative for this style of rutile mineralisation.
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Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (e.g. ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information.
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Logged mineralogy percentages, lithology/regolith information and TiO2% obtained from pXRF are used to assist in determining compositing intervals. Care is taken to ensure that only samples with similar geological characteristics are composited together. |
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Drilling Techniques |
Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open‐hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face‐sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
|
A total of 1,357 HA holes for 12,643m have been drilled to date at the Kasiya Rutile Deposit to obtain samples for quantitative determination of recoverable rutile and Total Graphitic Carbon (TGC). A PT infill drilling programme, designed to support this resource estimate upgrade, was completed. An additional 234 core holes for 2,368.5m were included in the updated MRE. The total PT holes contributing to the updated MRE are 488 for 4,669m. A total of 182 AC holes for 4,404m were completed in six locations across the Kasiya deposit deemed likely to fall into mining pit areas. The results are included in this updated MRE. Placer has reviewed SOPs for HA, PT and AC drilling and found them to be fit for purpose and support the resource classifications as applied to the MRE. Sample handling and preparation techniques are consistent for PT and coring samples. Two similar designs of HA drilling equipment are employed. HA drilling with 75mm diameter enclosed spiral bits (SOS) with 1m long steel rods and with 62mm diameter open spiral bits (SP) with 1m long steel rods. Drilling is oriented vertically by eye. Each 1m of drill sample is collected into separate sample bags and set aside. The auger bits and flights are cleaned between each metre of sampling to avoid contamination. Core-drilling is undertaken using a drop hammer, Dando Terrier MK1. The drilling generated 1m runs of 83mm PQ core in the first 2m and then transitioned to 72mm core for the remainder of the hole. Core drilling is oriented vertically by spirit level. AC drilling was completed by Thompson Drilling utilising a Smith Capital 10R3H compact track-mounted drill. The drilling is vertical and generates 1m samples with care taken in the top metres to ensure good recoveries of the high-grade surface material. Each 1m sample bag is immediately transported back to Sovereign’s field laydown yard where they await processing.
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Drill Sample Recovery |
Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed.
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Samples are assessed visually for recoveries. The configuration of drilling and nature of materials encountered results in negligible sample loss or contamination. HA and PT drilling is ceased when recoveries become poor once the water table has been reached. Water table and recovery information is included in lithological logs. Core drilling samples are actively assessed by the driller and geologist onsite for recoveries and contamination. AC drilling recovery in the top few metres are moderate to good. Extra care is taken to ensure sample is recovered best as possible in these metres. Recoveries are recorded on the rig at the time of drilling by the geologist. Drilling is ceased when recoveries become poor or once Saprock or refusal has been reached.
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Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples.
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The Company’s trained geologists supervise drilling on a 1 team 1 geologist basis and are responsible for monitoring all aspects of the drilling and sampling process. For PT drilling, core is extruded into core trays; slough is actively removed by the driller at the drilling rig and core recovery and quality is recorded by the geologist. AC samples are recovered in large plastic bags. The bags are clearly labelled and delivered back to sovereign’s laydown yard at the end of shift for processing.
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Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
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No relationship is believed to exist between grade and sample recovery. The high percentage of silt and absence of hydraulic inflow from groundwater at this deposit results in a sample size that is well within the expected size range. No bias related to preferential loss or gain of different materials is observed.
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Logging |
Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation mining studies and metallurgical studies.
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Geologically, data is collected in detail, sufficient to aid in Mineral Resource estimation. All individual 1m HA intervals are geologically logged, recording relevant data to a set log-chief template using company codes. A small representative sample is collected for each 1m interval and placed in appropriately labelled chip trays for future reference. All individual 1m PT core intervals are geologically logged, recording relevant data to a set log-chief template using company codes. Half core remains in the trays and is securely stored in the company warehouse. All individual AC 1-metre intervals are geologically logged, recording relevant features. data to a set log-chief template using company codes. A small representative sample is collected for each 1-metre interval and placed in appropriately labelled chip trays for future reference.
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Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) photography.
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All logging includes lithological features and estimates of basic mineralogy. Logging is generally qualitative. The PT core is photographed dry, after logging and sampling is completed.
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The total length and percentage of the relevant intersection logged
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100% of samples are geologically logged. |
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Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation |
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken.
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Due to the soft nature of the material, core samples are carefully cut in half by hand tools.
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If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc. and whether sampled wet or dry. |
HA, PT and AC hole samples are dried, riffle split and composited. Samples are collected and homogenised prior to splitting to ensure sample representivity. ~1.5kg composite samples are processed. An equivalent mass is taken from each primary sample to make up the composite. The primary composite sample is considered representative for this style of mineralisation and is consistent with industry standard practice.
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For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique.
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Techniques for sample preparation are detailed on SOP documents verified by Placer Resource Geologists. Sample preparation is recorded on a standard flow sheet and detailed QA/QC is undertaken on all samples. Sample preparation techniques and QA/QC protocols are appropriate for mineral determination and support the resource classifications as stated.
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Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples.
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The sampling equipment is cleaned after each sub-sample is taken. Field duplicate, laboratory replicate and standard sample geostatistical analysis is employed to manage sample precision and analysis accuracy.
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Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling.
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Sample size analysis is completed to verify sampling accuracy. Field duplicates are collected for precision analysis of riffle splitting. SOPs consider sample representivity. Results indicate a sufficient level of precision for the resource classification. |
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Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled.
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The sample size is considered appropriate for the material sampled. |
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Quality of assay data and laboratory tests |
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. |
Rutile The Malawi onsite laboratory sample preparation methods are considered quantitative to the point where a heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) is generated. Final results generated are for recovered rutile i.e, the % mass of the sample that is rutile that can be recovered to the non-magnetic component of a HMC. Heavy liquid separation (HLS) of the HM is no longer required and a HM result is not reported in the updated MRE. The HMC prepared via wet-table, gravity separation at the Lilongwe Laboratory provides an ideal sample for subsequent magnetic separation and XRF. All 8,855 samples (not incl. QA) included in the MRE update received the following workflow undertaken on-site in Malawi; · Dry sample in oven for 1 hour at 105℃ · Soak in water and lightly agitate · Wet screen at 5mm, 600µm and 45µm to remove oversize and slimes material · Dry +45µm -600mm (sand fraction) in oven for 1 hour at 105℃ 7,904 of the 8,855 samples received the following workflow undertaken on-site in Malawi · Pass +45µm -600mm (sand fraction) across wet table to generate a HMC. · Dry HMC in oven for 30 minutes at 105℃ Bag HMC fraction and send to Perth, Australia for quantitative chemical and mineralogical determination. 951 of the 8,855 samples received the following workflow undertaken at Perth based Laboratories (superseded). · Split ~150g of sand fraction for HLS using Tetrabromoethane (TBE, SG 2.96g/cc) as the liquid heavy media to generate HMC. Work undertaken at Diamantina Laboratories. 4,738 of the 8,855 samples received magnetic separation undertaken at Allied Mineral Laboratories in Perth, Western Australia. · Magnetic separation of the HMC by Carpco magnet @ 16,800G (2.9Amps) into a magnetic (M) and non-magnetic (NM) fraction. 4,117 of the 8,855 samples received magnetic separation undertaken on-site in Malawi. · Magnetic separation of the HMC by Mineral Technologies Reading Pilot IRM (Induced Roll Magnetic) @ 16,800G (2.9Amps) into a magnetic (M) and non-magnetic (NM) fraction. All 8,855 routine samples received the following chemical analysis in Perth, Western Australia. · The routine NM fractions are sent to ALS Metallurgy Perth for quantitative XRF analysis. Samples receive XRF_MS and are analysed for: TiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, MgO, MnO, SiO2, V2O5, ZrO2, HfO2. Graphite 8,078 graphite samples are processed at Intertek-Genalysis Johannesburg and Perth via method C72/CSA. A portion of each test sample is dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid to liberate carbonate carbon. The solution is filtered using a filter paper and the collected residue is the dried to 425°C in a muffle oven to drive off organic carbon. The dried sample is then combusted in a Carbon/ Sulphur analyser to yield total graphitic or TGC. An Eltra CS-800 induction furnace infra-red CS analyser is then used to determine the remaining carbon which is reported as TGC as a percentage. |
For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc., the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.
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Acceptable levels of accuracy and precision have been established. No pXRF methods are used for quantitative determination. |
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Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicate, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established.
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Sovereign uses internal and externally sourced wet screening reference material inserted into samples batches at a rate of 1 in 20. The externally sourced, certified standard reference material for HM and Slimes assessment is provided by Placer Consulting. An external laboratory raw sample duplicate is sent to laboratories in Perth, Australia as an external check of the full workflow. These duplicates are produced at a rate of 1 in 20. Accuracy monitoring is achieved through submission of certified reference materials (CRM’s). ALS and Intertek both use internal CRMs and duplicates on XRF analyses. Sovereign also inserts CRMs into the sample batches at a rate of 1 in 20. Three Rutile CRMs are used by Sovereign and range from 35% – 95% TiO2. Three Graphite CRMs are used by Sovereign and range from 3% – 25% TGC. Analysis of sample duplicates is undertaken by standard geostatistical methodologies (Scatter, Pair Difference and QQ Plots) to test for bias and to ensure that sample splitting is representative. Standards determine assay accuracy performance, monitored on control charts, where failure (beyond 3SD from the mean) may trigger re-assay of the affected batch. Examination of the QA/QC sample data indicates satisfactory performance of field sampling protocols and assay laboratories providing acceptable levels of precision and accuracy. Acceptable levels of accuracy and precision are displayed in geostatistical analyses to support the resource classifications as applied to the estimate.
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Verification of sampling & assaying |
The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel.
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Results are reviewed in cross-section using Datamine Studio RM software and any spurious results are investigated. The deposit type and consistency of mineralisation leaves little room for unexplained variance. Extreme high grades are not encountered.
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The use of twinned holes. |
Twinned holes are drilled across a geographically dispersed area to determine short-range geological and assay field variability for the resource estimation. Twin drilling is applied at a rate of 1 in 20 routine holes. Twin paired data in all drill methods represent ~4% of the database included in the updated MRE. Substantial comparative data between different drilling types and test pit results are also available but not referenced in the MRE. |
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Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. |
All data are collected electronically using coded templates and logging software. This data is then imported to a cloud hosted Database and validated automatically and manually. A transition to electronic field and laboratory data capture has been achieved.
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Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
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Assay data adjustments are made to convert laboratory collected weights to assay field percentages and to account for moisture. QEMSCAN of the NM fraction shows dominantly clean and liberated rutile grains and confirms rutile is the only titanium species in the NM fraction. Recovered rutile is defined and reported here as: TiO2 recovered in the +45 to -600um range to the NM concentrate fraction as a % of the total primary, dry, raw sample mass divided by 95% (to represent an approximation of final product specifications). i.e recoverable rutile within the whole sample.
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Location of data points |
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation.
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A Trimble R2 Differential GPS is used to pick up the collars. Daily capture at a registered reference marker ensures equipment remains in calibration. No downhole surveying of any holes is completed. Given the vertical nature and shallow depths of the holes, drill hole deviation is not considered to significantly affect the downhole location of samples.
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Specification of the grid system used. |
WGS84 UTM Zone 36 South.
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Quality and adequacy of topographic control. |
The digital terrane model (DTM) was generated by wireframing a 20m-by-20m lidar drone survey point array, commissioned by SVM in March 2022. Major cultural features were removed from the survey points file prior to generating the topographical wireframe for resource model construction. The ultra-high resolution 3D drone aerial survey was executed utilising a RTK GPS equipped Zenith aircraft with accuracy of <10cm ground sampling distance (GSD). Post-processing includes the removal of cultural features that do not reflect material movements (pits, mounds, etc) The DTM is suitable for the classification of the resources as stated.
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Data spacing & distribution |
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. |
The HA collars are spaced at nominally 400m along the 400m spaced drill-lines with the PT holes similarly spaced at an offset, infill grid. The resultant 200m-by-200m drill spacing (to the strike orientation of the deposit) is deemed to adequately define the mineralisation in the MRE. The AC collars are spaced on a 200m x 200m grid which is deemed to adequately define the mineralisation. The PT twin and density sample holes are selectively placed throughout the deposit to ensure a broad geographical and lithological spread for the analysis.
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Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. |
The drill spacing and distribution is considered to be sufficient to establish a degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource estimation. Kriging neighbourhood analysis completed using Supervisor software informs the optimal drill and sample spacing for the MRE. Based on these results and the experience of the Competent Person, the data spacing and distribution is considered adequate for the definition of mineralisation and adequate for Mineral Resource Estimation.
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Whether sample compositing has been applied. |
Individual 1m auger intervals have been composited, based on lithology, at 2 – 5m sample intervals for the 1,357 HA holes. 488 PT core holes have been sampled at a regular 2m interval to provide greater control on mineralisation for the Indicated Resource. Individual 1m intervals have been composited, based on lithology, at a max 2m sample interval for the 182 AC holes. The DH Compositing tool was utilised in Supervisor software to define the optimal sample compositing length. A 2m interval is applied to the MRE.
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Orientation of data in relation to geological structure |
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known considering the deposit type
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Sample orientation is vertical and approximately perpendicular to the orientation of the mineralisation, which results in true thickness estimates, limited by the sampling interval as applied. Drilling and sampling are carried out on a regular square grid. There is no apparent bias arising from the orientation of the drill holes with respect to the orientation of the deposit.
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If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.
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There is no apparent bias arising from the orientation of the drill holes with respect to the orientation of the deposit. |
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Sample security |
The measures taken to ensure sample security |
Samples are stored in secure storage from the time of drilling, through gathering, compositing and analysis. The samples are sealed as soon as site preparation is complete. A reputable international transport company with shipment tracking enables a chain of custody to be maintained while the samples move from Malawi to Australia. Samples are again securely stored once they arrive and are processed at Australian laboratories. A reputable domestic courier company manages the movement of samples within Perth, Australia. At each point of the sample workflow the samples are inspected by a company representative to monitor sample condition. Each laboratory confirms the integrity of the samples upon receipt. |
Audits or reviews |
The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data
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The CP Richard Stockwell has reviewed and advised on all stages of data collection, sample processing, QA protocol and Mineral Resource Estimation. Methods employed are considered industry best-practice. Perth Laboratory visits have been completed by Mr Stockwell. Field and in-country lab visits have been completed by Mr Stockwell in May 2022. A high standard of operation, procedure and personnel was observed and reported. Sovereign Metals Managing Director Julian Stephens and Exploration Manager Samuel Moyle have been onsite in Malawi numerous times since the discovery of the Kasiya Deposit.
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SECTION 2 – REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
Criteria |
Explanation |
Commentary |
Mineral tenement & land tenure status |
Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environment settings. |
The Company owns 100% of the following Exploration Licences (ELs) and Licence Applications (APLs) under the Mines and Minerals Act 2019, held in the Company’s wholly-owned, Malawi-registered subsidiaries: EL0561, EL0492, EL0609, EL0582, EL0545, EL0528, EL0657 and APL0404. A 5% royalty is payable to the government upon mining and a 2% of net profit royalty is payable to the original project vendor. No significant native vegetation or reserves exist in the area. The region is intensively cultivated for agricultural crops. |
The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. |
The tenements are in good standing and no known impediments to exploration or mining exist. |
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Exploration done by other parties
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Acknowledgement and appraisal of exploration by other parties. |
Sovereign Metals Ltd is a first-mover in the discovery and definition of residual rutile and graphite resources in Malawi. No other parties are, or have been, involved in exploration.
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Geology |
Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation |
The rutile deposit type is considered a residual placer formed by the intense weathering of rutile-rich basement paragneisses and variable enrichment by elluvial processes. Rutile occurs in a mostly topographically flat area west of Malawi’s capital, known as the Lilongwe Plain, where a deep tropical weathering profile is preserved. A typical profile from top to base is generally soil (“SOIL” 0-1m) ferruginous pedolith (“FERP”, 1-4m), mottled zone (“MOTT”, 4-7m), pallid saprolite (“PSAP”, 7-9m), saprolite (“SAPL”, 9-25m), saprock (“SAPR”, 25-35m) and fresh rock (“FRESH” >35m). The low-grade graphite mineralisation occurs as multiple bands of graphite gneisses, hosted within a broader Proterozoic paragneiss package. In the Kasiya areas specifically, the preserved weathering profile hosts significant vertical thicknesses, from near surface, of graphite mineralisation.
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Drill hole information |
A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes: easting and northings of the drill hole collar; elevation or RL (Reduced Level-elevation above sea level in metres of the drill hole collar); dip and azimuth of the hole; down hole length and interception depth; and hole length |
All intercepts relating to the Kasiya Deposit have been included in public releases during each phase of exploration and in this report. Releases included all collar and composite data and these can be viewed on the Company website. There are no further drill hole results that are considered material to the understanding of the exploration results. Identification of the broad zone of mineralisation is made via multiple intersections of drill holes and to list them all would not give the reader any further clarification of the distribution of mineralisation throughout the deposit.
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If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case |
No information has been excluded. |
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Data aggregation methods |
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high-grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. |
All results reported are of a length-weighted average of in-situ grades. The resource is reported at a range of bottom cut-off grades in recognition that optimisation and financial assessment is outstanding. A nominal bottom cut of 0.7% rutile is offered, based on preliminary assessment of resource product value and anticipated cost of operations. |
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high-grade results and longer lengths of low-grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. |
No data aggregation was required. |
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The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated. |
Rutile Equivalent (RutEq) Formula: ((Rutile Grade x Recovery (100%) x Rutile Price (US$1,484/t) + Graphite Grade x Recovery (67.5%) x Graphite Price (US$1,290/t)) / Rutile Price (US$1,484/t)). Commodity Prices: · Rutile price: US$1,484/t · Graphite price: US$1,290/t Metallurgical Recovery to Product: · Rutile Recovery: 100% · Graphite Recovery: 67.5% All assumptions taken from this Study and with discussion and Modifying Factors included in this document. |
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Relationship between mineralisation widths & intercept lengths |
These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results. |
The mineralisation has been released by weathering of the underlying, layered gneissic bedrock that broadly trends NE-SW at Kasiya North and N-S at Kasiya South. It lies in a laterally extensive superficial blanket with high-grade zones reflecting the broad bedrock strike orientation of ~045° in the North of Kasiya and 360° in the South of Kasiya.
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If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported. |
The mineralisation is laterally extensive where the entire weathering profile is preserved and not significantly eroded. Minor removal of the mineralised profile has occurred in alluvial channels. These areas are adequately defined by the drilling pattern and topographical control for the resource estimate. |
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If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down hole length, true width not known’. |
Downhole widths approximate true widths limited to the sample intervals applied. Mineralisation remains open at depth and in areas coincident with high-rutile grade lithologies in basement rocks, is increasing with depth. Graphite results are approximate true width as defined by the sample interval and typically increase with depth.
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Diagrams |
Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported. These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of the drill collar locations and appropriate sectional views. |
Refer to figures in this report and in previous releases. These are accessible on the Company’s webpage. |
Balanced reporting |
Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high-grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of exploration results. |
All results are included in this report and in previous releases. These are accessible on the Company’s webpage. |
Other substantive exploration data |
Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to: geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances. |
Limited lateritic duricrust has been variably developed at Kasiya, as is customary in tropical highland areas subjected to seasonal wet/dry cycles. Lithological logs record drilling refusal in just under 2% of the HA/PT drill database. No drilling refusal was recorded above the saprock interface by AC drilling. Slimes (-45 µm) averages 46wt% in the Indicated Resource at a 0.7% rutile bottom cut. Separation test work conducted at AML demonstrates the success in applying a contemporary mineral sands flowsheet in treating this material and achieving excellent rutile recovery. Sample quality (representivity) is established by geostatistical analysis of comparable sample intervals. Several generations of QEMSCAN analysis of the NM performed at ALS Metallurgy fraction shows dominantly clean and liberated rutile grains and confirms rutile is the only titanium species in the NM fraction.
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Further work |
The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. test for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). |
Further AC drilling will allow the definition of a more extensive saprock-interface basement and should continue to deliver additional resources below the HA/PT-drilled regions. A greater understanding of the lithological character and extent of those basement units, where high-grade (>1%) rutile persists at the saprock interface, may assist in focussing further resource definition and exploration targeting. Further metallurgical assessment is suggested to characterise rutile quality and establish whether any chemical variability is inherent across the deposit. Trialling drill definition at a 100m spacing is suggested for Measured Resource assessment.
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Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. |
Refer to diagrams in the body of this report and in previous releases. These are accessible on the Company’s webpage. |
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SECTION 3 – ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES
Criteria |
JORC Code explanation |
Commentary
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Database integrity |
Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example, transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes. |
Data are manually entered into database tables according to SOPs and conforming to company field names and classifications. These are then migrated to Datashed5 cloud-hosted database managed internally by the Company with validation and quarantine capability. Relevant tables from the database are exported to csv format and forwarded to Placer for independent review. |
Data validation procedures used. |
Validation of the primary data include checks for overlapping intervals, missing survey data, missing assay data, missing lithological data, missing and mis-matched (to Lithology) collars. Statistical, out-of-range, distribution, error and missing data validation is completed by Placer on data sets before being compiled into a de-surveyed drill hole file and interrogated in 3D using Datamine Studio RM software. All questions relating to the input data are forwarded to the client for review and resolution prior to resource estimation. |
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Site visits |
Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits.
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Perth Laboratory visits have been completed by the Competent Person, Mr Richard Stockwell. Field and in-country lab visits were complete over a 1-week period in May 2022. A high standard of operation, procedure and personnel was observed and reported. |
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case. |
Not applicable |
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Geological interpretation |
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of the mineral deposit.
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There is a high degree of repeatability and uniformity in the geological character of the Kasiya Deposit demonstrated by lithological logging of AC, PT core and HA samples. Satellite imagery and airborne geophysical data provided guidance for interpreting the strike continuity of the deposit. Drill hole intercept logging and assay results (AC, PT and HA), stratigraphic interpretations from drill core and geological logs of drill data have formed the basis for the geological interpretation. The drilling exclusively targeted the SOIL, FERP, MOTT and SAPL weathering horizons, with no sampling of the SAPR and below the upper level of the fresh rock (FRESH) domain. |
Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made.
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No assumptions were made. |
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The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource estimation. |
No alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource Estimation are offered. |
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The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation.
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The mineral resource is constrained by the drill array plus one interval in each of the X, Y and Z axes. The topographical DTM constrains the vertical extent of the resource. Rutile, enriched at surface by deflation and elluvial processes, is constrained internally by a hard boundary at the base of the SOIL and FERP horizons that overly the (generally less-mineralised) MOTT and SAPL horizons. In this way, continuity of rutile, observed in surface drilling results, is honoured between drill lines rather than being diluted by averaging with underlying, lower-grade material. The base to mineralisation is arbitrarily designated at effective drill depth plus one (average sample width) interval in the Z orientation in HA/PT drilling. The effective drill depth is where HA drilling intersects the static water table, rather than being a true depth to un-mineralised basement. Deeper drilling using the AC method has shown rutile enrichment persists to bedrock and a material resource increase is anticipated upon application of this method to a broader area. A base to mineralisation of BOH plus 2.7m (-2.7 RL) is retained for this estimate, where drilled by HA/PT methods. This basement horizon is interpreted on 200m north sections and accounts for artifacts of ineffective drilling terminating in soil or ferp horizons. It is applied consistently to both Indicated and Inferred resource areas. AC drilling has accurately defined depth to basement at the saprock interface, which has been modelled where intersected in the updated MRE. |
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The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology. |
Rutile grade is generally concentrated in surface regolith horizons. Deposit stratigraphy and weathering is consistent along and across strike. Rutile grade trend is oriented at 45 degrees at Kasiya North and 360 degrees at Kasiya South, which mimics the underlying basement source rocks and residual topography. Rutile varies across strike as a result of the layering of mineralised and non-mineralised basement rocks. |
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Dimensions |
The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource. |
The Kasiya mineralised footprint strikes NE – SW and currently occupies an area of about 201km2. Depth to basement is described previously. |
Estimation and modelling techniques |
The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation parameters and maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If a computer assisted estimation method was chosen include a description of computer software and parameters used.
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Datamine Studio RM and Supervisor software are used for the data analysis, variography, geological interpretation and resource estimation. Key fields are interpolated into the volume model using a range of parameters and interpolation methods to establish best fit for the deposit. For the Kasiya MRE update, the Inverse Distance weighting (power 4) method was seen to perform a superior interpolation of informing data and replication of the high-value and thin, surface (SOIL/FERP) grade distribution. This was assisted by the (customary) application of a Dynamic Anisotropy search, informed by the results of variography, Suitable limitations on the number of samples and the impact of those samples, was maintained. Extreme grade values were not identified by statistical analysis, nor were they anticipated in this style of deposit. No top cut is applied to the resource estimation. Interpolation was constrained by hard boundaries (domains) that result from the geological interpretation. |
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The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account of such data. |
This is the fourth MRE for the Kasiya Deposit. Bulk-scale test work has been completed and results support the view of the Competent Person that an economic deposit of readily separable, high-quality rutile is anticipated from the Kasiya Deposit. The recovery of a coarse-flake graphite by-product was achieved by the test work. |
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The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products. |
A graphite co-product was modelled as recoverable TGC. |
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Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation). |
No significant deleterious elements are identified. A selection of assay, magnetic separation and XRF results are modelled and are reported. |
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In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the average sample spacing and the search employed.
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The average parent cell size used is equivalent to the average drill hole spacing within the Indicated Resource (200m*200m). Cell size in the Z-axis is established to cater for the composite sample spacing and definition of the Topsoil domain. This resulted in a parent cell size of 200m x 200m x 3m for the volume model with 5 sub-cell splits available in the X and Y axes and 10 in the Z axis to smooth topographical and lithological transitions. Both parent cell and sub-cell interpolations were completed and reported. The sub-cell interpolation was again applied to this MRE as it better reflected the geological interpretation and a reasonable graduation of informing data through intermediate cell areas. A Topsoil horizon has been defined at 0.3m thickness throughout the Indicated Resource area to support anticipated ore reserve calculation and mining studies. Topsoil is disclosed separately but remains in the MRE in recognition of advanced rehabilitation studies in the PFS by Agreenco. |
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Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units. |
No assumptions were made regarding the modelling of selective mining units. The resource is reported at an Indicated level of confidence and is suitable for optimisation and the calculation of a Probable Reserve. |
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Any assumptions about correlation between variables.
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No assumptions were made regarding the correlation between variables. |
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Description of how the geological interpretation was used to control the resource estimates.
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Interpolation was constrained by hard boundaries (domains) that result from the geological interpretation. |
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Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping. |
Extreme grade values were not identified by statistical analysis, nor were they anticipated in this style of deposit. No top cut is applied to the resource estimation. |
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The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available. |
Validation of grade interpolations was done visually In Datamine by loading model and drill hole files and annotating, colouring and using filtering to check for the appropriateness of interpolations. Statistical distributions were prepared for model zones from both drill holes and the model to compare the effectiveness of the interpolation. Distributions of section line averages (swath plots) for drill holes and models were also prepared for each zone and orientation for comparison purposes. The resource model has effectively averaged informing drill hole data and is considered suitable to support the resource classifications as applied to the estimate. |
Moisture |
Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture content. |
Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis. No moisture content is factored. |
Cut-off parameters |
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. |
The resource is reported at a range of bottom cut-off grades in recognition that optimisation and financial assessment is outstanding. A nominal bottom cut of 0.7% rutile is offered, based on preliminary assessment of resource value and anticipated operational cost. |
Mining factors or assumptions |
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the mining assumptions made. |
Hydro-mining has been determined as the optimal method of mining for the Kasiya Rutile deposit. The materials competence is loose, soft, fine and friable with no cemented sand or dense clay layers rendering it amenable to hydro-mining. It is considered that the strip ratio would be zero or near zero. Dilution is considered to be minimal as mineralisation commonly occurs from surface and mineralisation is generally gradational with few sharp boundaries. Recovery parameters have not been factored into the estimate. However, the valuable minerals are readily separable due to their SG differential and are expected to have a high recovery through the proposed, conventional wet concentration plant. |
Metallurgical factors or assumptions |
The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical amenability. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical assumptions made. |
Rigorous metallurgical testwork on rutile and graphite recoverability and specifications has been completed on numerous bulk samples since 2018. Rutile recovered to product is modelled at 100% and graphite recovered to product is modelled at 67.5%. Both products have best-in-class chemical and physical specifications. Refer to text for further details.
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Environmental factors or assumptions |
Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider the potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation. While at this stage the determination of potential environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may not always be well advanced, the status of early consideration of these potential environmental impacts should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made. |
A large portion of the Mineral Resource is confined to the SOIL, FERP and MOTT weathering domains, and any sulphide minerals have been oxidised in the geological past. Therefore, acid mine-drainage is not anticipated to be a significant risk when mining from the oxidised domain.
The Kasiya deposit is located within a farming area and has villages located along the strike of the deposit. Sovereign holds regular discussions with local landholders and community groups to keep them well informed of the status and future planned directions of the project. Sovereign has benefited from maintaining good relations with landowners and enjoys strong support from the community at large. Kasiya is in a sub-equatorial region of Malawi and is subject to heavy seasonal rainfall, with rapid growth of vegetation in season. Substantial vegetation or nature reserve is absent in the area. |
Bulk density |
Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assumptions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of the measurements, the nature, size and representativeness of the samples. |
Density was calculated from 310 full core samples taken from geographically and lithologically-diverse sites across the deposit. Density is calculated using a cylinder volume wet and dry method performed by Sovereign in Malawi and calculations verified by Placer Consulting. Density data was loaded into an Excel file, which was flagged against weathering horizons and mineralisation domains. These results were then averaged, by domain and applied to the MRE. |
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The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods that adequately account for void spaces (vughs, porosity, etc.), moisture and differences between rock and alteration zones within the deposit. |
As above. |
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Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation process of the different materials. |
An average density of 1.65 t/m3 was determined for the total weathering profile. This incorporates and average density of 1.39 t/m3 for the SOIL domain, 1.58 t/m3 for the FERP domain, 1.66 t/m3 for the MOTT domain, 1.69 t/m3 for the PSAP domain, 1.97 t/m3 for the SAPL domain, and 1.95 t/m3 for the LAT domain. Density data are interpolated into the resource estimate by the nearest neighbour method. |
Classification |
The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying confidence categories.
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Classification of the MRE is at an Indicated and Inferred category. Minor regions of unclassified material occur in sparsely drilled, typically extraneous regions of the mineralised area. These are excluded from the resource inventory. Inferred classification is attributed to those areas with drilling spaced at 400m x 400m. Indicated classification is attributed to those areas with drilling spaced at 200m x 200m. |
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Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (i.e. relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, confidence in continuity of geology and metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data). |
All available data were assessed and the competent person’s relative confidence in the data was used to assist in the classification of the Mineral Resource. |
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Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view of the deposit |
Results appropriately reflects a reasonable and conservative view of the deposit. |
Audits or reviews |
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates. |
Independent audit of the MRE construction was contracted to Datamine Australia by Placer prior to delivery to SVM. A third party is engaged by SVM for a further verification of the MRE. |
Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence |
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate. |
Substantial additional mineralisation was expected to occur below the effective depth of HA and PT drilling. This has been confirmed by the deeper AC drilling. A high-degree of uniformity exists in the broad and contiguous lithological and grade character of the deposit. Drilling technique have been expertly applied and data collection procedures, density assessments, QA protocols and interpretations conform to industry best practice with few exceptions. Assay, mineralogical determinations and metallurgical test work conform to industry best practice and demonstrate a rigorous assessment of product and procedure. The development of a conventional processing flowsheet and marketability studies support the classification of the Kasiya Resource. |
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The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used. |
The estimate is global.
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These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available. |
No production data are available to reconcile model results. |
SECTION 4 – ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES
Criteria |
Explanation |
Commentary |
Mineral Resource estimate for conversion to Ore Reserves
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Description of the Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to an Ore Reserve.
Clear statement as to whether the Mineral Resources are reported additional to, or inclusive of, the Ore Reserves. |
The Minerals Resource Estimate (“MRE”) declared on 5 April 2023 underpins the Ore Reserve. Sovereign engaged independent geological and mining consultants Placer to complete the MRE for the Kasiya deposit. The principal resource geologist Mr Richard Stockwell is highly experienced with more than 25 years in resource estimation and mine geology. Mr Richard Stockwell is a Competent Person for the purposes of the MRE as defined and in accordance with the JORC Code 2012. The MRE as reported in this document is inclusive of the Ore Reserve declared in this document. The Ore Reserve does not include Inferred Mineral Resources. |
Site visits |
Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits. |
Site visits have been carried out by the following personnel: · Mr Ryan Locke, as representative for the Competent Person Mr Ross Cheyne for the JORC Reserve Estimate has been to site on multiple site visits prior to and since the discovery of the Kasiya Deposit. · Mr Richard Stockwell, the Competent Person for the JORC Mineral Resource Estimate and a representative of Placer Consulting Pty Ltd has conducted one site visit. · Mr Samuel Moyle, the Competent Person for Exploration Results and Exploration Manager of Sovereign Metals Ltd has conducted multiple site visits since the discovery of the Kasiya deposit; |
Study status |
The type and level of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to be converted to Ore Reserves. The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such studies will have been carried out and will have determined a mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable, and that material Modifying Factors have been considered. |
The technical and financial information in this release is at PFS-level enabling the declaration of Ore Reserves. The studies carried out have determined a mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable with all material Modifying Factors having been considered. The Ore Reserve was underpinned by a mine plan detailing mining locations, ore and waste quantities; plant feed quantities and plant head grades. Scheduling was undertaken in annual and quarterly periods. Mine planning activities included an updated pit optimisation, development of mineable pit geometries, scheduling, mining cost estimation and financial analysis in order to confirm the ability to economically mine the Kasiya Ore Reserve. Modifying factors considered during the mine planning process included pit slope design criteria, mining costs, mining dilution and ore loss, processing recoveries, processing costs, selling costs, general and administration costs and product price. |
Cut-off parameters |
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. |
Pit cut-off grades varied between 0.7% and 0.9% rutile with cut-offs selected to provide the most tonnage whilst minimising the pit footprint to have as little environmental/social impact as possible. The selected cut-off grades are above the final project breakeven cut-off grade of approximately 0.40% rutile. |
Mining factors or assumptions
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The method and assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of appropriate factors by optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design). The choice, nature and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other mining parameters including associated design issues such as pre-strip, access, etc. The assumptions made regarding geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit slopes, stope sizes, etc.), grade control and pre-production drilling. The major assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope optimisation (if appropriate). The mining dilution factors used. The mining recovery factors used. Any minimum mining widths used. The manner in which Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion. The infrastructure requirements of the selected mining methods. |
The Kasiya MRE released by Sovereign in on 5 April 2023 was used as the basis for the PFS Ore Reserve estimate. Mineral Resources were converted to Ore Reserves in line with the material classifications which reflect the level of confidence within the resource estimate. The Ore Reserve reflects that portion of the Mineral Resource which can be economically extracted by open pits utilising a combination of hydro mining and limited truck/shovel methodologies. The Ore Reserve considers the modifying factors and other parameters detailed in the relevant sections of the PFS report, including but not limited to the mining, metallurgical, social, environmental, approvals, tenure, statutory and financial aspects of the project. In line with the JORC 2012 guidelines, the Kasiya Probable Ore Reserve is based on Indicated classified Mineral Resources. There is no Measured classified Mineral Resource at Kasiya and consequently no Proved Ore Reserve. Inferred classified material is not included in the Ore Reserve and therefore is not considered for mining. The reported MRE is inclusive of the resources converted to Ore Reserves. The Ore Reserve includes an allowance for mining dilution and ore loss on the basis that all material within the shell is classified and extracted as ore. The open pit geometries developed for the purposes of mine planning, and which define the subsequent Ore Reserve, are based on Whittle pit shells edited to comply with practical mining requirements and identified exclusion zones. Selection of Mining method The mining options were evaluated in detail during the PFS to determine the best suited mining method for the operation. The criteria for selection were based not only on capital and operating cost, but ESG considerations and infrastructure requirements. Sovereign performed testwork on ROM material and conducted an independent assessment and trade-off analysis for all possible mining methods. The outcomes of this work resulted in hydro mining being determined as the optimal method for mining the Kasiya rutile- graphite deposit. Due to the consistent particle size distribution through the reserve, favourable operating and capital costs, low carbon footprint and air pollution (low dust and no diesel emissions) as well as the support of infrastructure and water availability within the project designated footprint. Hydro-mining is defined as the excavation of material from its in-situ state using pressurised water. A stream of high-pressure water is directed at the ore with the purpose of mechanically breaking and softening the material so that it can be carried away by the created gravitational slurry flow. The mineralisation at Kasiya is largely homogenous and has relatively consistent physical properties throughout the MRE and contained Ore Reserve. The material competence is described as loose and friable, soft and well weathered with no cemented particles or dense clay layers. The particle size distribution (PSD) is favourable for hydro-mining due to its high content of -45µm fines and the fines component effectively increases the viscosity of the slurry created, which enhances the slurry’s ability to carry sand and heavy mineral particles. Hydro mining is a proven technology and has been successfully applied on heavy mineral sand operations in Africa. Hydro mining for the PFS is based on the block-mine and top-down methodologies. The top-down operational method has advantages in terms of safety, achieving and maintaining design slurry densities, achieving and maintaining design production rates and ease of planning and control. Sovereign Mining engaged Fraser Alexander, a highly experienced mining contractor and consultancy specialising in hydro-mining to provide engineering and cost inputs for hydro-mining in the PFS. Dry mining methods are required where hydro mining is inefficient and will be required to push approximately 11% of the Ore Reserve. These are the “basin” of the hydro mining areas which need selective “floor clean-up” mining. Pit Optimisation An open pit optimisation utilising Whittle™ software was carried out on the Kasiya deposit using Indicated Mineral Resources only (in line with the JORC 2012 guidelines). The latest parameters available were used to determine the economic extent of the open pit excavation. The process plant production parameters were supplied by Sovereign with an initial rate of 12mtpa and a ramp up in production from years 5 – 7 to an annual rate of 24Mtpa. The intention to hydro-mine the majority of the defined Ore Reserve means that there is no ability to selectively mine and all material will be extracted and sent as plant feed. Therefore, all material within the “shell” will be extracted and fed to the plant as ore and any interstitial waste and/or sub-economic grade material will be likewise treated as diluent material. However, due to the relatively homogenous and continuous nature the orebody, the quantities of this material will be relatively small and therefore a simple 5% dilution was applied within the Whittle™ tool to approximate this assumption. For the PFS, an overall slope angle of 20 degrees has been applied within the optimisation, in line with a conservative stable angle for a mineral sands operation.
Mineable Pit Geometries Based on the cut-off grades applied, the optimization shells were further were further refined to develop a mineable geometry. The process applied the following constraints: – A minimum depth of 5m for the hydro mining method. – Removal of any small, isolated pits. – Pit extents limited to mineable areas and to remain outside of identified exclusion areas wherever reasonably possible. Sovereign identified all local village areas and areas of cultural or environmental significance within the potential mining envelope that should not be disturbed during the mining phase of the Project.
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Metallurgical factors or assumptions |
The metallurgical process proposed and the appropriateness of that process to the style of mineralisation. Whether the metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in nature. The nature, amount and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken, the nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the corresponding metallurgical recovery factors applied. Any assumptions or allowances made for deleterious elements. The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which such samples are considered representative of the orebody as a whole For minerals that are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been based on the appropriate mineralogy to meet specifications? |
Rutile Sovereign completed bulk rutile testwork programs at the globally recognised AML in Perth, Australia. The latest program was supervised by Sovereign’s Head of Development, Paul Marcos. Mr Marcos is a metallurgist and process engineer and a mineral sands industry veteran. Bulk test-work programs have confirmed premium grade rutile can be produced via a simple and conventional process flow sheet. Processing engineering was completed by DRA Global who developed the process plant design and associated cost estimate for the Study. An average product grade of 96% TiO2 with 100% recovery to rutile product was assumed for the PFS. Graphite Sovereign has conducted graphite testwork across ALS Laboratory in Perth and SGS Lakefield in Canada. Veteran graphite metallurgist Oliver Peters, MSc, P.Eng., MBA (Consulting Metallurgist for SGS and Principal Metallurgist of Metpro Management Inc.) was engaged to supervise and consult on the testwork programs. Mr Peters has over 25 years’ experience in metallurgy on graphite and other commodities. He has operated numerous graphite pilot plants and commissioned a number of full-scale processing facilities. DRA’s Senior Engineer, Stewart Calder and Manager Metallurgy, John Fleay supervised and advised on sample selection, testwork scope and results from the latest testwork programs. Both consultants are considered to have the appropriate capabilities and similarities with the material and the early stage of the project. An average product grade of 96% Ct with 67.5% recovery to product was assumed for the PFS. Rutile & Graphite It is acknowledged that laboratory scale test-work will not always represent actual results achieved from a production plant in terms of grade, chemistry, sizing and recovery. Further test-work will be required to gain additional confidence of specifications and recoveries that will be achieved at full-scale production. Overall, the process flow-sheet is conventional for both rutile and graphite with no novel features or equipment incorporated. |
Environmental
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The status of studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation. Details of waste rock characterisation and the consideration of potential sites, status of design options considered and, where applicable, the status of approvals for process residue storage and waste dumps should be reported. |
An Environmental Impact Assessment (ESIA) is currently commencing with reference to applicable Malawian and international environmental and social permitting and baseline requirements for the Kasiya Project. Sovereign is committed to conduct its activities in full compliance to the requirements of national regulations, its obligations under international conventions and treaties and giving due consideration to international best practices and policies. Sovereign has appointed an experienced environmental consultant to manage the ESIA process, and environmental and social baseline studies have commenced with appropriately qualified independent experts. Sovereign has also completed a high-level risk assessment to identify major environmental and social risks which could affect the development of the Project, along with mitigating strategies to allow identified risks to be addressed early in the project design phase. Sovereign has embarked on several exercises with the communities in the area and there is a general positive acceptance of the Project. Based on the current assessments and commenced ESIA, the Competent Person believes there are no environmental issues currently identified that cannot be appropriately mitigated in accordance with standard practices adopted for the development of mining projects. |
Infrastructure |
The existence of appropriate infrastructure: availability of land for plant development, power, water, transportation (particularly for bulk commodities), labour, accommodation; or the ease with which the infrastructure can be provided, or accessed. |
Kasiya is located approximately 40km northwest of Lilongwe, Malawi’s capital, and boasts favourable access to services and infrastructure. The proximity to Lilongwe gives the project access to a large pool of professionals and skilled tradespeople, as well as industrial services. Sovereign appointed JCM to design a preliminary IPP solution for Kasiya. JCM is a Canada-headquartered IPP which develops, constructs, owns and operates renewable energy and storage projects in emerging markets across the globe. JCM provided an estimated, levelized cost of energy (LOCE) on a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA). Logistics cost estimates, including rail and port infrastructure and handling, were provided by Thelo DB, Nacala Logistics and Grindrod based on market data, suppliers’ quotations, industry databases, industry contacts and the consultant’s existing knowledge of southern African transport infrastructure and freight markets. The above consultants are independent with appropriate experience in the management of transport logistics studies in southern Africa. |
Costs |
The derivation of, or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the study. The methodology used to estimate operating costs. Allowances made for the content of deleterious elements. The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal minerals and co- products. Derivation of transportation charges. The basis for forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties for failure to meet specification, etc. The allowances made for royalties payable, both Government and private. |
Capital estimates for the procress plant have been prepared by DRA Global, together with input from Sovereign and other contributing consultants using combinations of cost estimates from suppliers, historical data, benchmarks and other independent sources. The accuracy of the initial capital cost estimate for the Project is -20% and +25%. Capital costs include the cost of all services, direct costs, contractor indirects, EPCM expenses, non-process infrastructure, sustaining capital and other facilities used for the mine. Capital costs make provision for mitigation expenses and mine closure and environmental costs. Working capital requirements (including contingency) for plant commissioning and full ramp-up have been included in the headline capital estimate reported under construction, owner’s and start-up costs. Mining costs have been estimated by Fraser Alexander, a regional leader in hydro-mining and materials handling. Mining costs have been built up from first principles based on equipment, vendor, and contractor quotations, local unit cost rates, and benchmarked costs. Labor costs have been developed based on a first-principles build-up of staffing requirements with labor rates benchmarked in Malawi and expatriate rates benchmarked for professionals from South Africa and other jurisdictions. A Government royalty of 5% (applied to revenue) and a vendor profit share of 2% (applied to gross profit) has been included in all project economics. A 0.45% royalty (applied to revenue) has been applied for the community development fund. Rehabilitation and mine closure costs are included within the reported operating cost and sustaining capital estimates. |
Revenue factors |
The derivation of, or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head grade, metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc. The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal metals, minerals and co-products. |
Sales pricing for both products is based on current market analysis by an independent party (see below) |
Market assessment |
The demand, supply and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption trends and factors likely to affect supply and demand into the future. A customer and competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market windows for the product. Price and volume forecasts and the basis for these forecasts. |
Sovereign obtained independent market assessments for both products. Rutile Sovereign engaged market leading TZMI to provide a bespoke marketing report to support the Study. TZMI is a global, independent consulting and publishing company which specialises in technical, strategic and commercial analyses of the opaque (non-terminal market) mineral, chemical and metal sectors. TZMI’s assessment has confirmed that, based upon their high-level view on global demand and supply forecasts for natural rutile, and with reference to the specific attributes of Kasiya, there is a reasonable expectation that the product will be able to be sold into existing and future rutile markets. Given the premium specifications of Kasiya’s natural rutile, the product should be suitable for all major natural end-use markets including TiO2 pigment feedstock, titanium metal and welding sectors. Graphite Sovereign engaged Fastmarkets, a specialist international publisher and information provider for the global steel, non-ferrous and industrial minerals markets, to prepare a marketing report for graphite. Fastmarkets’ assessment has confirmed that based upon their high-level view on global demand and supply forecasts for natural flake graphite, and with reference to the specific attributes of Sovereign’s projects, there is a reasonable expectation that the product from Sovereign’s projects will be able to be sold into existing and future graphite markets. Given the extremely low-cost profile and high-quality product, it is expected that output from Kasiya will be able to fill new demand or substitute existing lower quality / higher cost supply. Project considerations taken by Fastmarkets in forming an opinion about the marketability of product include: – Low capital costs (incremental) – Low operating costs – High quality concentrate specifications Industry participants confirm that the highest value graphite concentrates remain the large, jumbo and super-jumbo flake fractions, primarily used in industrial applications such as refractories, foundries and expandable products. These sectors currently make up the significant majority of total global natural flake graphite market by value. Fastmarkets have formed their opinion based solely upon project information provided by Sovereign Metals to Fastmarkets and have not conducted any independent analysis or due diligence on the information provided. |
Economic |
The inputs to the economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the study, the source and confidence of these economic inputs including estimated inflation, discount rate, etc NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and inputs. |
Key parameters are disclosed in the body of the announcement, and include: – Life of Mine: 25 years – Discount rate: 8% – Tax rate: 30% – Resource Rent Tax (RRT) of 15% after tax profit – Royalty rate: 5% royalty (Government), 2% of gross profit (Original Project Vendor) and 0.45% Community Development Fund. – Pricing: Rutile average price of US$1,484 per tonne and Graphite average basket price of US$1,290 per tonne The PFS financial model has been prepared internally by Sovereign using inputs from the various expert consultants and has been reviewed by BDO Australia – Perth, an independent leading accountancy, tax and advisory services firm to validate the functionality and accuracy of the model. NPV sensitivity to costs and price were assessed utilising the Project financial model developed by Sovereign. As is the case for most commodity-based projects, the NPV is most sensitive to changes in price, with a +/-30% price variation generating a +/-60% variation in project value. It is moderately sensitive to operating cost changes, with a +/-30% cost change producing a -/+ 18% fluctuation in value. Approximately 4% of this value change is attributable to mining costs, 5% to logistics costs and the remaining 9% to processing/labour/G&A related costs. The project is less sensitive to capital cost changes, with a +/-30% variation in capital affecting NPV by -/+10%. |
Social |
The status of agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social license to operate. |
Sovereign expects to enter into a Community Development Agreement (“CDA”) with the surrounding communities. Significant engagement with these communities has occurred over the exploration phases and is ongoing ahead of negotiation of the CDA which is expected to be concluded during the DFS stage. |
Other |
To the extent relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the estimation and classification of the Ore Reserves: Any identified material naturally occurring risks. The status of material legal agreements and marketing arrangements. The status of government agreements and approvals critical to the viability of the project, such as mineral tenement status and government and statutory approvals. There must be reasonable grounds to expect that all necessary Government approvals will be received within the timeframes anticipated in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study. Highlight and discuss the materiality of any unresolved matter that is dependent on a third party on which extraction of the reserve is contingent. |
No identifiable naturally occurring risks have been identified to impact the Kasiya Ore Reserve. Sovereign has no existing binding offtake agreement in place. Sovereign is yet to apply for a Mining Licence (“ML”) covering the footprint of the project, however it is not anticipated for there to be any objections in obtaining the necessary government approvals. |
Classification |
The basis for the classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence categories. Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view of the deposit. The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived from Measured Mineral Resources (if any). |
The Kasiya PFS Ore Reserves comprise Indicated Mineral Resource material converted to “Probable” reserves. In line with JORC 2012 guidelines, Inferred Mineral Resource material has not been included. 100% of the Kasiya PFS Ore Reserve is in the Probable Reserves category. |
Audit or reviews |
The results of any audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates. |
No external audits or reviews have been carried out to date. |
#SVML Sovereign Metals LTD – Issue of Shares
25th August 2023 / Leave a comment
Further to Sovereign Metals Limited (Sovereign or the Company) (ASX:SVM, AIM:SVML) announcement on 23 August 2023, the Company advises that it has issued 2,932,786 fully paid ordinary shares (Shares) by way of the issue of 439,918 Shares to Rio Tinto and 2,492,868 Shares to SCP Resource Finance, formerly Sprott Capital Partners, as an advisory fee of 3% on the amount of Rio Tinto’s initial investment (refer to announcement date 17 July 2023).
An application will be made for the Shares to be admitted to trading on AIM (Admission) and it is expected that Admission will become effective on or around 29 August 2023.
Total Voting Rights
For the purposes of the Financial Conduct Authority’s Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules (DTRs), following Admission of the Shares, Sovereign will have 556,903,401 Ordinary Shares in issue with voting rights attached. The figure of 556,903,401 may be used by shareholders in the Company as the denominator for the calculations by which they will determine if they are required to notify their interest in, or a change to their interest in the Company, under the ASX Listing Rules or the DTRs.
Following the issue of Shares, Sovereign has the following securities on issue:
· 556,903,401 fully paid ordinary shares;
· 34,549,598 unlisted options exercisable at A$0.535 each on or before 21 July 2024;
· 6,100,000 unlisted performance rights subject to the “Pre-Feasibility Study Milestone” expiring on or before 30 September 2023; and
· 7,810,000 unlisted performance rights subject to the “Definitive Feasiblity Study Milestone” expiring on or before 31 October 2025.
Sovereign Metals #SVML – Result of General Meeting
23rd August 2023 / Leave a comment
A General Meeting (Meeting) of Sovereign Metals Limited (Company) (ASX:SVM, AIM:SVML) was held today, 23 August 2023, at 10.00am (AWST).
The resolutions voted on were in accordance with the Notice of Meeting previously advised to the Australian Securities Exchange and shareholders. All resolutions were decided on and carried by way of poll.
In accordance with Section 251AA of the Corporations Act 2001 and ASX Listing Rule 3.13.2, the details of the poll and proxies received in respect of each resolution are set out in the below summary.
ENQUIRIES
Dylan Browne Company Secretary info@sovereignmetals.com |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
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SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
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Joint Brokers |
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Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
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Jennifer Lee |
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Optiva Securities |
+44 20 3137 1902 |
Daniel Ingram |
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Mariela Jaho |
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Christian Dennis |
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Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
Resolution |
Number of Proxy Votes |
Number and Percentage of Votes cast on the Poll |
Voting Methodand Result |
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For |
Against |
Abstain |
Proxy’s Discretion |
For |
Against |
Abstain |
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1. Ratify Tranche 1 Placement Shares and Options issued under Listing Rule 7.1 |
49,714,860 |
– |
11,619 |
2,799,480 |
53,324,340 |
– |
11,619 |
Carried on vote by poll |
2. Ratify Tranche 1 Placement Shares issued under Listing Rule 7.1A |
49,714,860 |
– |
11,619 |
2,799,480 |
53,324,340 |
– |
11,619 |
Carried on vote by poll |
3. Issue of Advisory Shares |
49,039,035 |
142,906 |
544,538 |
2,799,480 |
52,648,515 |
142,906 |
544,538 |
Carried on vote by poll |
4. Issue of Tranche 2 Placement Shares |
49,571,954 |
142,906 |
11,619 |
2,799,480 |
53,181,434 |
142,906 |
11,619 |
Carried on vote by poll |
Reuters – Rio Tinto focused on small buyouts to smooth portfolio – Sovereign Metals #SVML
2nd August 2023 / Leave a comment
Rio Tinto CEO Jakob Stausholm said on Tuesday the global miner is focused on small, bolt-on acquisitions to shape its portfolio and is looking at a number of potential lithium acquisitions but added the sector remains quite hot.
The boss of the world’s biggest iron ore producer has said that he wants Rio Tinto to focus on being the world’s best operator rather than conducting huge buyouts that would change the nature of the company and divert the focus of the group.
“I don’t think we need a big acquisition right now,” Stausholm said at an event in Melbourne.
“What we are trying to do is a bit of smaller portfolio acquisitions … that shapes the portfolio.”
The Australian miner has already announced several small partnerships and deals this year, including the purchase of a 57.74% stake in the Agua de la Falda copper project in Chile on Monday.
Earlier in July, Rio Tinto agreed to buy a 15% stake in Australia’s Sovereign Metals for A$40.4 million ($27.04 million) to help develop a rutile and graphite project in Malawi.
Rio was looking at a number of possible lithium interests, Stausholm said, but the market for energy transition metals like copper and lithium was “pretty hot”.
Read full Reuters article here
#SVML Sovereign Metals – Notice of Change of Interest of Substantial Holder
28th July 2023 / Leave a comment
Sovereign Metals Limited (ASX: SVM, AIM: SVML) (Sovereign or the Company) advises that it was today notified via the filing of a Form 604 with the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) that Sprott Inc. and each of its controlled bodies (Sprott) provided a notice of change of interests of substantial holder (as defined by the Corporations Act 2001) of the Company as of 20 July 2023, having increased its shareholding in the Company from 54,839,880 ordinary shares, representing 11.84% of the Company’s issued share capital as at the date of its previous notice, to 56,464,052 ordinary shares, representing 10.19% of the Company’s issued share capital, via on market purchases and disposals, and changes in account status or transfers.
The Form 604 can be viewed in full via the below link:
http://www.rns-pdf.londonstockexchange.com/rns/5700H_1-2023-7-28.pdf
ENQUIRIES
Dylan Browne +61(8) 9322 6322 |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
|
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
|
|
|
Joint Brokers |
|
Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
|
Jennifer Lee |
|
|
|
Optiva Securities |
+44 20 3137 1902 |
Daniel Ingram |
|
Mariela Jaho |
|
Christian Dennis |
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|
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Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
#SVML Sovereign Metals – June 2023 Quarterly Report
28th July 2023 / Leave a comment
Sovereign Metals Limited (Company or Sovereign) (ASX:SVM & AIM:SVML) is pleased to provide its quarterly report for the period ended 30 June 2023.
HIGHLIGHTS
Rio Tinto invests $40.4m to become a 15% Strategic Investor
· Subsequent to the end of the quarter, Rio Tinto made an investment of A$40.4 million in Sovereign resulting in an initial 15% shareholding plus options to increase their position to potentially 19.99% within 12 months
· Investment proceeds will be used to advance the Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project (Kasiya) in Malawi
· Rio Tinto’s investment represents a significant step towards unlocking a major new supply of low-CO2-footprint natural rutile and flake graphite
· Under the Investment Agreement, Rio Tinto will provide assistance and advice on technical and marketing aspects of Kasiya including with respect to Sovereign’s graphite co-product, with a primary focus on spherical purified graphite for the lithium-ion battery anode market
Government of Malawi publicly applauds Rio Tinto’s Investment
· The Government applauded the timely investment by Rio Tinto and marked it as a milestone towards realising the country’s aspirations of growing the mining sector as a priority industry
· The Government’s public statement confirms its commitment to ensuring the growth of the mining sector through deliberate initiatives aiming at establishing a conducive investment environment in the sector
Kasiya Rutile-Graphite Project PFS targeting completion this Quarter
· Sovereign is in the advanced stages of the Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) for Kasiya, a potential industry-leading major source of critical raw materials from Malawi
· Kasiya aims to be one of the world’s largest and lowest cost producers of natural rutile and natural graphitewith a carbon-footprint substantially lower than other current and planned producers
Downstream Testwork on Kasiya’s Graphite shows Excellent Suitability for us in Lithium-Ion Batteries
· Downstream testwork on Kasiya’s graphite co-product demonstrated it to have superior qualities showing excellent suitability for use in lithium-ion batteries. Key outcomes include:
o Near perfect crystallinity – an indicator of battery anode performance
o Above benchmark >99.95% carbon purity achieved
o No critical impurities or deleterious elements commonly found in other natural graphite sources
Bulk Sample Operations Commenced
· Bulk sample program commenced to produce larger volumes of rutile and graphite from Kasiya. Samples to be used for downstream testwork and product qualification for the lithium-ion battery sector
link to the full results and financial statements here
ENQUIRIES
Dylan Browne +61(8) 9322 6322 |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
|
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
|
|
|
Joint Brokers |
|
Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
|
Jennifer Lee |
|
|
|
Optiva Securities |
+44 20 3137 1902 |
Daniel Ingram |
|
Mariela Jaho |
|
Christian Dennis |
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|
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Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
#SVML Sovereign Metals – Notice of Substantial Holder
25th July 2023 / Leave a comment
SOVEREIGN METALS LIMITED – NOTICE OF SUBSTANTIAL HOLDER
Sovereign Metals Limited (ASX: SVM, AIM: SVML) (Sovereign or the Company) announces that following admission to trading on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and AIM of new fully paid ordinary shares (Shares) in Sovereign pursuant to an investment by Rio Tinto as announced on 17 July 2023, a Form 603 has been filed with the ASX notifying that Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited holds 83,095,592 Shares in Sovereign representing 15% of the Company’s issued share capital.
ENQUIRIES
Dylan Browne +61(8) 9322 6322 |
Nominated Adviser on AIM and Joint Broker |
|
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP |
+44 20 3470 0470 |
Ewan Leggat Charlie Bouverat Harry Davies-Ball |
|
|
|
Joint Brokers |
|
Berenberg |
+44 20 3207 7800 |
Matthew Armitt |
|
Jennifer Lee |
|
|
|
Optiva Securities |
+44 20 3137 1902 |
Daniel Ingram |
|
Mariela Jaho |
|
Christian Dennis |
|
|
|
Tavistock PR |
+44 20 7920 3150 |
Sovereign Metals #SVML – Malawi Ministry of Mining press release
24th July 2023 / Leave a comment
Sovereign Metals #SVML – Malawi Ministry of Mining press release:
Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited $40.4 million (approximately K29 billion) boost towards Sovereign Metals Limited Company.
Link to the full Malawi Government Press Release Rio
Soverign Metals Ltd #SVML – Notice of GM
21st July 2023 / Leave a comment
Sovereign Metals Limited (ASX: SVM, AIM: SVML) (the Company) advises that a General Meeting (Meeting) will be held on 23 August 2023 at 10:00am (AWST) at the Conference Room, Ground Floor, 28 The Esplanade, Perth, Western Australia 6000.
In accordance with 110D of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth), the Company will not be dispatching physical copies of the Notice of Meeting (unless a shareholder has elected to receive documents in hard copy in accordance with the timeframe specified in section 110E(8) of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)).
A copy of the Notice of Meeting can be viewed and downloaded online as follows:
· the Company’s website: http://sovereignmetals.com.au/announcements/.
· the Company’s ASX Market announcements page at www.asx.com.au under the Company’s ASX code “SVM”; or
· if you have provided an email address and have elected to receive electronic communications from the Company, you will receive an email to your nominated email address with a link to an electronic copy of the Notice of Meeting.
The Company intends to hold a physical meeting. The Company will notify shareholders of any changes to this by way of an announcement on ASX and AIM and the details will also be made available on our website.
The Notice of Meeting is important and should be read in their entirety. If you are in doubt as to the course of action you should follow, you should consult your stock broker, investment advisor, accountant, solicitor or other professional adviser.
You may also, prior to the Meeting, obtain a paper copy of the Notice of Meeting (free of charge) by contacting the Company Secretary on +61 8 9322 6322 or by sending an email to info@sovereignmetals.com.au.
Holders of Depositary Interests should complete and sign a Form of Instruction, which will be sent separately to each Holder of Depositary Interests, and return it by the time and in accordance with the instructions set out in the Form of Instruction. Holders of Depositary Interests will not be eligible to vote in person at the Meeting.